Controlled integration of selected detectors and emitters in photonic integrated circuits
Ronan Gourgues (TU Delft - QN/Afdelingsbureau)
Iman Zahed (TU Delft - ImPhys/Optics)
A.W.A. Elshaari (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
Gabriele Bulgarini (TU Delft - QN/Afdelingsbureau)
Johannes W.N. Los (TU Delft - QN/Afdelingsbureau)
Julien Zichi (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
Dan Dalacu (National Research Council Canada)
Philip J. Poole (National Research Council Canada)
Sander N. Dorenbos (TU Delft - QN/Afdelingsbureau)
And V.A.L. Zwiller (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
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Abstract
Integration of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors and quantum sources with photonic waveguides is crucial for realizing advanced quantum integrated circuits. However, scalability is hindered by stringent requirements on high-performance detectors. Here we overcome the yield limitation by controlled coupling of photonic channels to pre-selected detectors based on measuring critical current, timing resolution, and detection efficiency. As a proof of concept of our approach, we demonstrate a hybrid on-chip full-transceiver consisting of a deterministically integrated detector coupled to a selected nanowire quantum dot through a filtering circuit made of a silicon nitride waveguide and a ring resonator filter, delivering 100 dB suppression of the excitation laser. In addition, we perform extensive testing of the detectors before and after integration in the photonic circuit and show that the high performance of the superconducting nanowire detectors, including timing jitter down to 23 ± 3 ps, is maintained. Our approach is fully compatible with wafer-level automated testing in a cleanroom environment.