Impact of Nanostructuring on the Phase Behavior of Insertion Materials: The Hydrogenation Kinetics of a Magnesium Thin Film
Lars Johannes Bannenberg (TU Delft - RST/Neutron and Positron Methods in Materials)
H Schreuders (TU Delft - ChemE/Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage)
Lambert van Eijck (TU Delft - RST/Neutron and Positron Methods in Materials)
J.R. Heringa (TU Delft - RST/Fundamental Aspects of Materials and Energy)
N. J. Steinke (ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory)
RM Dalgliesh (ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory)
Bernard Dam (TU Delft - ChemE/Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage)
Fokko Mulder (TU Delft - ChemE/Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage)
A. A. van Well (TU Delft - RST/Neutron and Positron Methods in Materials)
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Abstract
Nanostructuring is widely applied in both battery and hydrogen materials to improve the performance of these materials as energy carriers. Nanostructuring changes the diffusion length as well as the thermodynamics of materials. We studied the impact of nanostructuring on the hydrogenation in a model system consisting of a thin film of magnesium sandwiched between two titanium layers and capped with palladium. While we verified optically the coexistence of the metallic α-MgDx and the insulating β-MgD2–y phase, neutron reflectometry shows significant deviations from the thermodynamic solubility limits in bulk magnesium during the phase transformation. This suggests that the kinetics of the phase transformation in nanostructured battery and hydrogen storage systems is enhanced not only as a result of the reduced length scale but also due to the increased solubility in the parent phases.