This dissertation explores how consumer technology can foster lasting improvements in wellbeing. Consumer technologies - social networking sites, communication tools, and streaming platforms - have become omnipresent, fundamentally shaping how we live, work, and connect. They kickstart our mornings, keep our schedules on track, and curate the soundtrack to our days. They capture cherished memories, help us plan global adventures, and guide us to new experiences. Far beyond mere utilities, they have become integral companions in our daily routines, holding immense potential to enhance wellbeing when designed with care and intention. Yet despite this potential, consumer technology is the focus of intense debate. Concerns have mounted around its overuse, its detrimental effects on teenage mental health, its role in fueling distraction and societal polarization, and its contribution to spreading misinformation.....

Due to their widespread use, consumer technologies like messaging or video streaming services present a promising opportunity to disseminate wellbeing interventions, such as positive activities, to a large audience. Currently, this potential is primarily leveraged by dedicated wellbeing applications. To broaden the scope of applications, we conducted a student-led case study that explored how positive activities could also be integrated into consumer technologies that are not originally designed for wellbeing. Based on the analysis of concrete design examples, we identified three strategies for integration: 1. addition, 2. enrichment, 3. transformation. We showcase each integration strategy through a specific design example. A variety of design mechanisms were employed whereby particularly prompts to create an opportunity and self-reflection to foster motivation and capability have been observed. Together, our findings demonstrate how positive activities and mechanisms to support behavior change can be woven seamlessly into contemporary technology through minimal redesigns.

In this paper, we introduce a framework that conceptualizes a multi-stage process through which technology can promote sustained wellbeing. Intentional wellbeing-enhancing activities form the centerpiece linking direct product interaction to, ultimately, wellbeing. The framework was developed following a bottom-up–top-down approach by integrating theoretical knowledge from positive psychology, behavioral science and human–computer interaction (HCI)/design with empirical insights. We outline (a) the framework, (b) its five main stages including their multidisciplinary theoretical foundations, (c) relations between these stages and (d) specific elements that further describe each stage. The paper illustrates how the framework was developed and elaborates three major areas of application: (design) research, design strategies and measurement approaches. With this work, we aim to provide actionable guidance for researchers and IT practitioners to understand and design technologies that foster sustained wellbeing.

Research in positive psychology indicates that sustained well-being is more determined by our actions than by our possessions. Products' contribution to well-being may thus be grounded in their potential to support well-being-enhancing activities rather than in their material value. In a laddering study, we investigated how products shape a range of well-being determinants, including activities, and well-being outcomes. Following a hierarchical structure, seven product experience qualities, six motivations, and seven activities were empirically found to be linked to long-term well-being. We describe these ingredients for sustained well-being in further detail and provide actionable guidance on how to address them by means of design. As the majority of product-supported long-term well-being outcomes were mediated by activities, we propose activities as most promising starting point in design for sustained well-being.