Dynamic traffic management (DTM) plays an important role from Dutch policy perspective to prevent road congestion and has been developed from control strategies to services. Five traffic control centers, 22 different DTM systems with 35 functions and over 50,000 DTM components make up the national traffic management network in the Netherlands. The malfunctioning of the DTM systems is expected to create negative impacts to the traffic, proper maintenance planning is necessary to ensure their availabilities. However, there is less knowledge about the DTM malfunctions, which makes it difficult to monetize the malfunction effects and therefore to optimally deploy the maintenance budget. In this research, a macroscopic dynamic traffic assignment model “MARPLE” is used to evaluate the social costs of the DTM malfunctions according to the failure function, failure duration, and failure location. The motorway network around Amsterdam is chosen as the study area in this research, and four DTM systems and measures were evaluated, including the rush hour lane (RHL), the motorway traffic management (MTM) system, the dynamic route information panels (DRIPs) and the ramp metering (RM) system. By conversing the DTM malfunctions into the motorway network, the introduced impacts to the traffic both in local and network levels are identified. This research made the first attempt to modify DTM malfunctions in a macroscopic dynamic traffic assignment model, and a methodology was developed to calculate the malfunction costs both in traffic flow and safety aspects. The outcome of this research answered what-if questions with regarding to DTM malfunctions, it also proved the feasibility of the ambition to translate the DTM malfunction impacts at a network level into its social costs, according to which the maintenance strategy for the DTM systems can be better deployed. Overall, the initial goal of calculating the malfunction costs of the DTM systems with a newly developed methodology is met. Through the identified limitations and improvement strategies, the framework developed in this study could offer the possibility to refine the analysis, and/or easily be applied to other DTM systems and road parts.

Fixed-time control and vehicle-actuated control are two main signaling strategies implemented at intersections for urban traffic management. The timing and structure of the controllers are usually designed optimally based on average historical demand patterns at the intersection. Under the premise of performance quality assurance, both fixed-time and vehicle-actuated controllers can accommodate a certain degree of demand fluctuations. As a matter of fact, the demand change can be considerable over the years, which could exceed their capacities in adapting such degree of demand change, and thus the signal controllers should be regularly updated to fit the latest demand. To some extent, how much demand change can be adapted by both types of the signal controllers determines how frequent should the controllers be checked and improved. However, only qualitative comparison of the capabilities in demand adaptation between fixed-time and vehicle-actuated controllers are made in most of existing literatures, according to which vehicle-actuated controllers are expected to have higher capabilities in accommodating demand changes. In this research, a quantitative analysis and comparison were made for the fixed-time and vehicle-actuated controllers at a right-turning channelized intersection under various demand conditions. Since no useful studies could be found to predict the demand changes towards a specific intersection at current phase, the extra demand that could be accommodated by vehicle-actuated controllers were investigated instead. And it is found that the vehicle-actuated controllers can serve a 19% to 204% of more demand compared with the fixed-time controllers in scenarios defined in this research, according to which the redesign frequency can be further determined for both types of controllers to maintain comparable operation performance.