This thesis develops an LADM-based (ISO 19152-2) profile for the legal registration and management of archaeological heritage in three dimensions. The research addresses the need to represent rights, restrictions, and responsibilities of protected sites while capturing their full vertical extent and linking them to cadastral information. A structured Design Science Research methodology guided the work from problem definition to model design. The resulting archaeological profile extends the core LADM packages, namely Party, Administrative, Spatial Unit, and Surveying and Representation, to meet archaeological requirements. Point clouds are integrated into the model to represent archaeological spatial units in 3D, ensuring that the geometry of protected areas can be recorded and maintained with high precision. The archaeological profile demonstrates that the LADM standard can accommodate archaeological contexts by unifying legal, spatial, and survey information in a single framework. This work provides a comprehensive, conceptual, and database-ready model that enables accurate 3D registration, querying, and visualization of archaeological sites and offers a solid foundation for future cross-jurisdictional and international applications.

Modern navigation heavily relies on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and digitized road network databases, but faces limitations in GNSS-denied areas and complex 2D road netowrks. This project addresses these challenges by developing a methodology to create and store a comprehensive 3D road and terrain dataset for enhanced navigation. In collaboration with TomTom, a company that aims to fulfill software requirements, making significant advancements in geolocation technology and societal contributions. The main research question of the project is: ”How can we create a 3D map of roads using information about the center of the road and elevation data?”. The approach to answer this question involves extracting 2D road polygons from centerline data based on width of the roads, the direction and the amount of lanes of them. These 2D polygons undergo enrichment with elevation data, with techniques like filtering, segmentation, and primitive extraction ensuring alignment with the digital terrain model. The methodology encompasses data acquistion, creation of polygons using the centerlines dataset, 2D-to-3D polygon conversion, elevation integration and data storage in CityJSON format.