The construction industry is a major source of carbon emissions, creating a strong need to apply circular economy principles. While cities such as Amsterdam set ambitious circularity goals, high-value material reuse remains limited by logistical barriers. This thesis addresses the question: How can Circular Construction Hubs (CCHs) be strategically located and configured to support material reuse in urban road maintenance?

A mixed-method approach was applied, combining GIS-based suitability analysis and a heuristic optimization model with qualitative validation through expert interviews. Network performance was measured in tonne-kilometers (t-km) to compare Centralized, Decentralized, and Hub-and-Spoke models.

Results show that a refined 5-CCH Decentralized model achieves the greatest transport efficiency. Meanwhile, a 6-TSS Hub-and-Spoke model offers stronger resilience to regulatory and operational constraints. The study concludes that no single configuration is optimal. Instead, it proposes a scalable, hybrid three-tiered framework integrating CCHs, TSSs, and temporary staging areas. This provides a transferable blueprint for cities to align circular economy policy with logistical reality.

This research investigates how to improve collaboration between multinational enterprises (MNEs) and local public clients in transmission and distribution (TD) projects, which are essential for enabling Europe’s energy transition. Currently, there is growing pressure on transmission and distribution infrastructure to support the energy transition process. Even though the importance of this collaboration is stated, there is a lack of research on this type of collaboration and in this particular construction sector. Therefore, the main research question is formed: ”How can collaboration between divisions within the same multinational enterprise and local public clients in the transmission and distribution projects be improved to accelerate energy transition?”

To answer the main research question, three subsequent questions are developed to explore the characteristics of this collaboration, the key challenges, and the best practices. This research utilized literature review, semi-structured interviews to gather data, ensuring both theoretical depth and practical relevance, and a focus group to validate the findings. The literature review was conducted in order to define the characteristics of this collaboration, discover the challenges, and best practices.

The research identified 36 collaboration challenges in total by combining insights from literature and interviews with nine main categories. Of these 36, 25 challenges across eight categories were derived from the literature, while 11 new challenges and one additional category emerged through empirical study. However, only 27 were found to be relevant in TD context. Using a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) analysis, five key challenges were identified: conflicting working culture, expectation misalignment, language barriers, communication style, and different software/programs. The best practices to address these challenges were found through literature review and interviews, then refined into a tailored framework of actionable recommendations.

The framework is designed to be directly applicable and testable in real-world setting, since it provides concrete recommendations and clear explanations to address challenges arising between MNEs and public clients in TD projects. The aim of this framework is not only to enhance the collaboration, but also to encourage stakeholders to collaborate in future projects and strengthen their relationship. With more effective collaboration, TD infrastructure can be developed efficiently, which in turn has a direct impact on the energy transition by enabling transportation renewable energy to end users and accelerating the energy transition.

The design phase of Dutch infrastructure projects is often delayed due to fragmented data systems and a lack of real-time insight. Many companies use multiple, non-integrated platforms, making it difficult to maintain a clear overview of design progress, responsibilities, and deadlines. This research addresses the problem by developing the Design Phase Monitoring Tool (DPMT)—a practical, data-driven solution based on the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM).
The DPMT goes beyond a standard dashboard. It offers a structured approach to monitoring design activities, using clearly defined indicators and organized data flows to create a comprehensive overview. Developed in collaboration with Heijmans, the tool brings together dispersed information—such as document status, milestone alignment, and verification progress—into a single visual environment. This improves situational awareness, allowing project teams to detect issues earlier and act more proactively.
Validation through a focus group confirmed the tool’s value: users appreciated the improved visibility, the ability to make better-informed decisions, and the shift from reactive to proactive management. Experts suggested the DPMT should become a standard part of the design process. However, the prototype currently relies on manual data entry and static planning dates. Automating these elements and adding predictive features could significantly enhance its impact.
In conclusion, this research shows that a structured, digital approach to design monitoring is both feasible and beneficial. The DPMT helps project teams gain control, improve coordination, and reduce delays. It also lays the foundation for future innovations, such as real-time integration and predictive analytics, and raises the standard for design phase performance in infrastructure projects

The construction industry is one of the largest consumers of natural resources, contributing significantly to global CO₂ emissions and waste generation. To address these environmental and economic challenges, the integration of circular economy principles into real estate development is essential. This thesis investigates how circular principles can be effectively incorporated into project selection processes, particularly in the transformation of existing buildings. The research aims to bridge the gap between circularity and standardized project evaluation methods to enhance sustainability while maintaining economic feasibility.

The study is guided by the central research question: "How can circular principles be integrated into project selection criteria in real estate development?" To address this, three sub-questions explore the principles of circularity, the criteria for project selection, and the development of a structured framework for implementation.

A mixed-method approach was employed, including an extensive literature review, semi-structured expert interviews, and a focus group workshop. The literature review provided insights into existing circular economy frameworks, project selection methodologies, and key drivers and barriers to circularity. Empirical research involved interviews with nine industry experts and a validation workshop with seven professionals, enabling a comprehensive analysis of practical challenges and enablers for circular transformation projects.

Findings highlight that economic feasibility remains a major barrier to circular transformations, with high upfront costs and regulatory constraints limiting adoption. However, tools such as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), material passports, and digital tracking systems enhance transparency and facilitate informed decision-making. The study also emphasizes the importance of early integration of circularity in project selection, the role of expert knowledge and interdisciplinary collaboration, and the need for corporate cultural shifts to ensure long-term circular adoption.

Based on these insights, this research develops a structured roadmap to systematically embed circular principles into project selection processes. The roadmap aligns circular strategies with key decision-making stages, offering practical recommendations for real estate developers, policymakers, and investors. By balancing economic, environmental, and social objectives, this study contributes to advancing sustainable real estate practices and promoting a shift towards a circular built environment.