Magnetic order in 2D antiferromagnets revealed by spontaneous anisotropic magnetostriction
Maurits J.A. Houmes (TU Delft - QN/van der Zant Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Gabriele Baglioni (TU Delft - QN/van der Zant Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Makars Šiškins (TU Delft - Dynamics of Micro and Nano Systems, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Martin Lee (TU Delft - QN/Steeneken Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Dorye L. Esteras (Universidad de Valencia (ICMol))
Samuel Mañas-Valero (TU Delft - QN/vanderSarlab, Universidad de Valencia (ICMol), Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Yaroslav M. Blanter (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QN/Blanter Group)
Peter G. Steeneken (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - Dynamics of Micro and Nano Systems)
Herre S.J. van der Zant (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QN/van der Zant Lab)
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Abstract
The temperature dependent order parameter provides important information on the nature of magnetism. Using traditional methods to study this parameter in two-dimensional (2D) magnets remains difficult, however, particularly for insulating antiferromagnetic (AF) compounds. Here, we show that its temperature dependence in AF MPS3 (M(II) = Fe, Co, Ni) can be probed via the anisotropy in the resonance frequency of rectangular membranes, mediated by a combination of anisotropic magnetostriction and spontaneous staggered magnetization. Density functional calculations followed by a derived orbital-resolved magnetic exchange analysis confirm and unravel the microscopic origin of this magnetization-induced anisotropic strain. We further show that the temperature and thickness dependent order parameter allows to deduce the material’s critical exponents characterising magnetic order. Nanomechanical sensing of magnetic order thus provides a future platform to investigate 2D magnetism down to the single-layer limit.