Universal control of four singlet–triplet qubits
Xin Zhang (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QCD/Vandersypen Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Elizaveta Morozova (Student TU Delft, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Maximilian Rimbach-Russ (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QCD/Rimbach-Russ)
Daniel Jirovec (TU Delft - QCD/Vandersypen Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Tzu Kan Hsiao (TU Delft - QCD/Vandersypen Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Pablo Cova Fariña (TU Delft - QCD/Vandersypen Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Chien An Wang (TU Delft - QCD/Veldhorst Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Stefan D. Oosterhout (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - BUS/TNO STAFF)
Amir Sammak (TU Delft - BUS/TNO STAFF, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Giordano Scappucci (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QCD/Scappucci Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Menno Veldhorst (TU Delft - QN/Veldhorst Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Lieven M.K. Vandersypen (TU Delft - QN/Vandersypen Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
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Abstract
The coherent control of interacting spins in semiconductor quantum dots is of strong interest for quantum information processing and for studying quantum magnetism from the bottom up. Here we present a 2 × 4 germanium quantum dot array with full and controllable interactions between nearest-neighbour spins. As a demonstration of the level of control, we define four singlet–triplet qubits in this system and show two-axis single-qubit control of each qubit and SWAP-style two-qubit gates between all neighbouring qubit pairs, yielding average single-qubit gate fidelities of 99.49(8)–99.84(1)% and Bell state fidelities of 73(1)–90(1)%. Combining these operations, we experimentally implement a circuit designed to generate and distribute entanglement across the array. A remote Bell state with a fidelity of 75(2)% and concurrence of 22(4)% is achieved. These results highlight the potential of singlet–triplet qubits as a competing platform for quantum computing and indicate that scaling up the control of quantum dot spins in extended bilinear arrays can be feasible.
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