Print Email Facebook Twitter A Beyond-the-Rails Hybrid Delta-Sigma Modulator for Audio Applications Title A Beyond-the-Rails Hybrid Delta-Sigma Modulator for Audio Applications Author Li, Shenyang (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science) Contributor Makinwa, K.A.A. (mentor) Muratore, D.G. (graduation committee) van Veldhoven, R.H.M. (graduation committee) Degree granting institution Delft University of Technology Programme Electrical Engineering | Microelectronics Date 2023-11-28 Abstract This thesis describes the design of a 3rd order 1-bit delta-sigma modulator whose input-signal range (0 to 1.95V) exceeds its supply voltage (1.2V). By using a passive input stage and a single-OTA resonator, this beyond-the-rails modulator realizes a 3rd order loop filter with only two amplifiers instead of the usual three and thus achieves state-of-the-art energy efficiency. Realized in a standard TSMC 65nm CMOS technology, the modulator achieves 99.24dB SNR, 99.2dB SNDR and 100dB DR in a bandwidth of 24kHz while consuming only 80μW. This translates into the highest energy efficiency (FoMSNDR, 184dB) reported for a continuous-time delta-sigma modulator. Subject Delta Sigma ModulatorNoise shapingADCpassive input stageBeyond-the-rails To reference this document use: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c68b5eef-20be-4d2c-b992-acd83ebe89d3 Embargo date 2025-11-30 Part of collection Student theses Document type master thesis Rights © 2023 Shenyang Li Files file embargo until 2025-11-30