Alexandru Ştefanov
53 records found
1
Cyber Resilience of Electric Vehicle Charging in Smart Grids
The Dutch Case
As a part of energy transition, the shift from internal combustion engines (ICEs) to electric vehicles (EVs) has accelerated the development of the EV charging infrastructure (EVCI). EVCI rely heavily on information and communication technologies (ICTs) and the Internet of Things
...
Digitalization is paving the way toward enhanced power grid operational capabilities and intelligence. The increased digitalization, however, also implies a greater risk of cyber vulnerabilities and threats. Therefore, various power systems facets such as transmission and distrib
...
Virtualization in digital substations is a rising trend in the power sector, opening up interesting research avenues. The virtualization of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) is thought to enable more flexible and agile cybersecurity software updates and patching processes whi
...
Digital Twins for Power Systems
Review of Current Practices, Requirements, Enabling Technologies, Data Federation and Challenges
The Digital Twins (DT) have emerged as the technology that provides capabilities to simulate and analyze cyber-physical systems’ behaviors using digital replicas. This is achieved through high-fidelity digital models, bi-directional communication and (near) real-time data exchang
...
Power grids are undergoing a fast-paced process of digitalization for enhanced monitoring and control capabilities and grid intelligence. However, the increased integration of digital technologies, such as the next generation of operational technologies (OTs) and digital substati
...
Cyber-physical power systems are susceptible to cyber threats and attacks that can lead to cascading failures and widespread power outages. Therefore, mitigating the impact of such attacks requires the timely implementation of operational strategies to prevent cascading blackouts
...
This article implements and validates the performance of a virtual intelligent electronic device (vIED) framework for digital substations using a real-time (RT) simulation environment. The work looks toward the future design of protection, automation, and control systems, an evol
...
Digital Twins Serving Cybersecurity
More Than a Model: Cybersecurity as a Future Benefit of Digital Twins 2
Today's critical infrastructure systems are more interconnected and dependent on the electric power grid. This interdependence means that disruptions in one system can have far-reaching consequences across many others. This is particularly evident when a cyberattack in the power
...
Power systems are undergoing rapid digitalization. This introduces new vulnerabilities and cyber threats in future Cyber-Physical Power Systems (CPPS). Some of the most notable incidents include the cyber attacks on the power grid in Ukraine in 2015, 2016, and 2022, which employe
...
Cyber security risks are emerging in Cyber-Physical power Systems (CPS) due to the increasing integration of cyber and physical infrastructures. Critical component identification is a crucial task for the mitigation and prevention of catastrophic blackouts. In this paper, we prop
...
Cyber Security of HVDC Systems
A Review of Cyber Threats, Defense, and Testbeds
High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) technology is one of the key enablers of the energy transition, especially for offshore wind energy systems. While extensive research on cyber security of High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) systems has been conducted, limited research exist
...
The virtual integration of geographically distributed Research Infrastructures (RIs) for joint experiments in the domain of power and energy systems poses numerous challenges, particularly in terms of tool compatibility and user-friendliness. To address some of these challenges,
...
Cascading failures in power systems are extremely rare occurrences caused by a combination of multiple, low probability events. The looming threat of cyberattacks on power grids, however, may result in unprecedented large-scale cascading failures, leading to a blackout. Therefore
...
Cyber actors can target the unsecured IEC 61850 protocols in digital substations to open circuit breakers and affect the power system operation. Thus, system operators must detect cyber-physical anomalies and differentiate in real-time between power system faults and cyber attack
...
Electrical power grids are vulnerable to cyber attacks, as seen in Ukraine in 2015, 2016, and 2022. These cyber attacks are classified as Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) with potential disastrous consequences such as a total blackout. However, state-of-the-art intrusion detect
...
Power grid digitalization introduces new vulnerabilities and cyber security threats. The impact of cyber attacks on power system stability is a topic of growing concern, which is yet to be comprehensively analyzed. Traditional power system stability analysis is based on the impac
...
The increasing risk of cyber-physical attacks (CPAs) on power infrastructure has led to need for reliable detection technologies. As the landscape of cyber threats evolves, it becomes imperative to continually update and enhance attack detection techniques. This research investig
...
This paper presents a methodology to distinguish between three-phase faults and GOOSE cyber attacks, aimed at opening the circuit breakers in the power grid. We propose a scheme that utilizes Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)-enabled monitoring of power grid states, and communication
...
Power electronic interfaced generation (PEIG) has become significantly dominant in the electrical power grid. This development is leading to a decrease in systemic inertia and damping against electrical oscillations. This causes the introduction of new and faster dynamic phenomen
...
Cascading effects in the power grid involve an uncontrolled, successive failure of elements. The root cause of such failures is the combined occurrence of multiple, statistically rare events that may result in a blackout. With increasing digitalisation, power systems are vulnerab
...