This thesis presents a new medium-fidelity ducted fan analysis code, to bridge the current gap in compressible-flow analysis methods. The existing Multi-passage ThroughFLOW software is integrated into a unified code to extend its capabilities. This unified code forms part of a newly developed ducted fan optimisation framework that utilises a modern genetic algorithm. Validation against experimental data shows a significantly improved accuracy in both thrust and power coefficient modelling compared to currently used panel methods.

The optimisation framework is applied to several case studies, demonstrating the capabilities of the developed tools. Propulsor efficiency improvements up to 10% are obtained, with significant associated frontal area reductions. Single-objective and multi-objective single-point optimisations were demonstrated, and suggestions are made to improve the flight profile multi-point optimisation.

The framework's robustness and computational efficiency can make it suitable for broader applications, including multidisciplinary optimisation and integration into complete aircraft design workflows.
Related dataset 4TU.ResearchData: https://doi.org/10.4121/efc63362-65e5-4c5d-b787-27e44dafa52a

The final report focused on the detailed design of the final chosen concept, which is a BWB aircraft with a distributed propulsion system powered by liquid hydrogen. Before doing the actual technical design part, a market analysis is made to investigate the future demand for this type of aircraft. To do so, the SWOT analysis, market characteristics, and competitor analysis are made. After that, an estimation of the market dynamics & trends, as well as the expected demand for the aircraft is made. In financial analysis, the financial forecast and strategies for the whole aircraft program are discussed, from which the unit cost, operational cost, return on investment and cost-breakdown structure can be found. The report concludes that the Lightning2 program is a promising step towards more sustainable aviation. It emphasizes the need for further development and adaptation to technological advancements to maintain a competitive position in the market​