Aleksandar Marinković
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1
The aim of this research was to investigate the self-healing potential of damaged Al joints when bonded using novel eco-epoxide adhesives derived from tannic acid (TA). Two eco-epoxy components based on TA, (A) glycidyl ether and (B) glycidyl phosphate ester of TA, were produced. The effect of the eco-epoxy components on the self-healing ability was assessed in terms of the energy dissipation recovery after partial failure in a double cantilever beam (DCB) test, which was compared to the reference epoxy (R). The self-healing process required 2 h and 2 bars in an autoclave at 180 °C. Techniques such as DSC, FTIR and DMA showed residual activity and potential self-healing capability of the used adhesives. A combination of two monitoring techniques, Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and Acoustic Emission (AE), was used to monitor the strain distribution and damage propagation in the DCB specimens. The healing index for adhesives R, B and A was found to be 8.9%, 3.0%, and 82.5% respectively. The findings of this work highlighted the potential of using bio-based epoxy adhesives in structural adhesive bonding, as well as the prospect of utilizing their self-healing ability to restore the strength of such bonded parts.
This paper presents a new process for obtaining eco-epoxide adhesives synthesized from bio-renewable raw material (tannic acid-TA) and used for bonding lightweight materials (aluminum (Al) and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). Two synthesized bio-epoxy components based on TA, (A) glycidyl ether and (B) glycidyl phosphate ester of TA, were used as a replacement for the toxic epoxy component based on Bisphenol A. The effect of eco-epoxy components on the interface adhesion was measured by the determination of adhesion parameter b, which was compared to the reference epoxy (REF). The increase of adhesion parameter b was 77.5% for A and 151.5% for B. The adhesion of both eco-adhesives was tested using the bell peel test (BPT) with the Al and CFRP adherends. When compared to REF, the average peel load for B was 17.6% (39.3%) and 58.3% (176.9%) higher for the Al and CFRP adherends, respectively. Complete adhesion failure of REF reflected the weak adhesion to both Al and CFRP, which was improved by the addition of eco-epoxy components A and B showing the presence of cohesive failure. The microhardness testing method of interface adhesion was proven to be a fast and reliable testing method, providing a qualitative indication in adhesive selection.