KB
K.J. Bakker
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7 records found
1
Conference paper
(2019)
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K. J. Bakker, K. J. Reinders, C. J.A. van der Wilt, J. Jonker, A. F. Pruijssers, J. J. Bogaards
In 2006 the Betuwe Route including three bored tunnels; was opened. Since then nearly 10 years of operation had passed when in 2015, new construction works in the vicinity of the tunnels was undertaken. During constructions the interaction needed to be evaluated. For that, systematic surveys by laser scanning in the tunnels where performed and additional ring joint rotations were evaluated. It appeared that the soft soil conditions at the Botlek tunnel leads to larger deformations, whereas the design of the rubber sealings at Pannerden is more critical for additional deformations. For the Botlek tunnel the unfavourable situations was Ramps being built in close vicinity of the tunnels, whereas at Pannerden at one cross section clay deposits from an adjacent Stone forging factory need to be relocated and at another location a cross passage needs to be built over the tunnel approach. Characteristic data from both tunnels is shown.
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In 2006 the Betuwe Route including three bored tunnels; was opened. Since then nearly 10 years of operation had passed when in 2015, new construction works in the vicinity of the tunnels was undertaken. During constructions the interaction needed to be evaluated. For that, systematic surveys by laser scanning in the tunnels where performed and additional ring joint rotations were evaluated. It appeared that the soft soil conditions at the Botlek tunnel leads to larger deformations, whereas the design of the rubber sealings at Pannerden is more critical for additional deformations. For the Botlek tunnel the unfavourable situations was Ramps being built in close vicinity of the tunnels, whereas at Pannerden at one cross section clay deposits from an adjacent Stone forging factory need to be relocated and at another location a cross passage needs to be built over the tunnel approach. Characteristic data from both tunnels is shown.
The main aim of this paper is to describe and analyse the modelling of vertical column tests that undergo fluidisation by the application of a hydraulic gradient. A recent advancement of the material point method (MPM), allows studying both stationary and non-stationary fluid flow while interacting with the solid phase. The fluidisation initiation and post-fluidisation processes of the soil will be investigated with an advanced MPM formulation (Double Point) in which the behavior of the solid and the liquid phase is evaluated separately, assigning to each of them a set of material points (MPs). The result of these simulations are compared to analytic solutions and measurements from laboratory experiments. This work is used as a benchmark test for the MPM double point formulation in the Anura3D software and to verify the feasibility of the software for possible future engineering applications.
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The main aim of this paper is to describe and analyse the modelling of vertical column tests that undergo fluidisation by the application of a hydraulic gradient. A recent advancement of the material point method (MPM), allows studying both stationary and non-stationary fluid flow while interacting with the solid phase. The fluidisation initiation and post-fluidisation processes of the soil will be investigated with an advanced MPM formulation (Double Point) in which the behavior of the solid and the liquid phase is evaluated separately, assigning to each of them a set of material points (MPs). The result of these simulations are compared to analytic solutions and measurements from laboratory experiments. This work is used as a benchmark test for the MPM double point formulation in the Anura3D software and to verify the feasibility of the software for possible future engineering applications.
Conference paper
(2017)
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Tomas Weeda, Jarit De Gijt, Klaas Jan Bakker, Rene Braam, Eric Broos, Bas Jonkman
As a result of the persistent increase of container vessel dimensions, future problems regarding navigation draught in the presence of tunnels are becoming more likely to occur. Hence, possible solutions to this problem have been investigated for the Beneluxtunnel. Several design options have been elaborated to determine the technical and economic feasibility of a possible lowering of the tunnel. Important subjects involved are the consequences of increasing the slopes, the cross-sectional concrete capacity, the use of joint rotations, the construction methods and the costs. This initial exploration of the subject shows lowering the Beneluxtunnel seems to be possible and is expected to be economically attractive. However, further research into certain boundary conditions and risky aspects of construction is required to ascertain this statement.
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As a result of the persistent increase of container vessel dimensions, future problems regarding navigation draught in the presence of tunnels are becoming more likely to occur. Hence, possible solutions to this problem have been investigated for the Beneluxtunnel. Several design options have been elaborated to determine the technical and economic feasibility of a possible lowering of the tunnel. Important subjects involved are the consequences of increasing the slopes, the cross-sectional concrete capacity, the use of joint rotations, the construction methods and the costs. This initial exploration of the subject shows lowering the Beneluxtunnel seems to be possible and is expected to be economically attractive. However, further research into certain boundary conditions and risky aspects of construction is required to ascertain this statement.
Conference paper
(2017)
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Nadevah K.N. Mourillon, Jarit De Gijt, Klaas Jan Bakker, Henk Brassinga, Erik Broos
The stability of any structure is an important aspect in civil engineering. This aspect is the subject of the researched quay wall at the Amazonehaven, port of Rotterdam. The quay wall with a relieving platform structure had in various section, over the entire 900m length of the quay, large deformations at the toe of the combined wall. The purpose was to analyse and quantify the influence of the deformed combined wall on the stability of the quay wall, its service lifetime. To obtain a better insight into the concept of stability, analytical methods based on the Blum theory, beam on elastic foundation method and finite element method using Plaxis 3D were applied and compared. The finite element method, Plaxis 3D, proved to be a better method to investigate the quay wall. Plaxis 3D takes into account the 3-dimensional effects of the quay wall and considers the actual soil behaviour during calculation which is a sophisticated manner of modelling a quay wall. A calibration model (which is the actual designed quay wall) and a series of models with various penetration depth of the combined wall are modelled. Also, a safety analysis of the soil parameters were applied to the various models.
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The stability of any structure is an important aspect in civil engineering. This aspect is the subject of the researched quay wall at the Amazonehaven, port of Rotterdam. The quay wall with a relieving platform structure had in various section, over the entire 900m length of the quay, large deformations at the toe of the combined wall. The purpose was to analyse and quantify the influence of the deformed combined wall on the stability of the quay wall, its service lifetime. To obtain a better insight into the concept of stability, analytical methods based on the Blum theory, beam on elastic foundation method and finite element method using Plaxis 3D were applied and compared. The finite element method, Plaxis 3D, proved to be a better method to investigate the quay wall. Plaxis 3D takes into account the 3-dimensional effects of the quay wall and considers the actual soil behaviour during calculation which is a sophisticated manner of modelling a quay wall. A calibration model (which is the actual designed quay wall) and a series of models with various penetration depth of the combined wall are modelled. Also, a safety analysis of the soil parameters were applied to the various models.
The main aim of this paper is to describe and analyse the modelling of vertical column tests that undergo fluidisation by the application of a hydraulic gradient. A recent advancement of the material point method (MPM), allows studying both stationary and non-stationary fluid flow while interacting with the solid phase. The fluidisation initiation and post-fluidisation processes of the soil will be investigated with an advanced MPM formulation (Double Point) in which the behaviour of the solid and the liquid phase is evaluated separately, assigning to each of them a set of material points (MP's). The result of these simulations are compared to analytic solutions and measurements from laboratory experiments. This work is used as a benchmark test for the MPM double point formulation in the Anura3D software and to verify the feasibility of the software for possible future engineering applications.
...
The main aim of this paper is to describe and analyse the modelling of vertical column tests that undergo fluidisation by the application of a hydraulic gradient. A recent advancement of the material point method (MPM), allows studying both stationary and non-stationary fluid flow while interacting with the solid phase. The fluidisation initiation and post-fluidisation processes of the soil will be investigated with an advanced MPM formulation (Double Point) in which the behaviour of the solid and the liquid phase is evaluated separately, assigning to each of them a set of material points (MP's). The result of these simulations are compared to analytic solutions and measurements from laboratory experiments. This work is used as a benchmark test for the MPM double point formulation in the Anura3D software and to verify the feasibility of the software for possible future engineering applications.
The settlement of soil layers on embedded anchor rods may lead to an increased axial load in the rod. The common method of evaluating stresses in anchor rods, according to the Dutch Sheet Piling handbook, better known as CUR 166, implicitly assumes a number of simplifications and assumptions that may in practice lead to a too simplified approach, that is too conservative. Within the context of study for an MSc degree, the main author of this paper has looked into the possibilities to improve the method of evaluation that complies with al codes and is less conservative. The study both looks into drained and undrained conditions for settling clay. Further, the settlement is more explicitly defined as a function of local position at the anchor rod. The method is verified with FEM analysis using Embedded beams, which gave a good corroboration. The method enables to perform an improved design.
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The settlement of soil layers on embedded anchor rods may lead to an increased axial load in the rod. The common method of evaluating stresses in anchor rods, according to the Dutch Sheet Piling handbook, better known as CUR 166, implicitly assumes a number of simplifications and assumptions that may in practice lead to a too simplified approach, that is too conservative. Within the context of study for an MSc degree, the main author of this paper has looked into the possibilities to improve the method of evaluation that complies with al codes and is less conservative. The study both looks into drained and undrained conditions for settling clay. Further, the settlement is more explicitly defined as a function of local position at the anchor rod. The method is verified with FEM analysis using Embedded beams, which gave a good corroboration. The method enables to perform an improved design.
The demand for tunnels crossing waterways in urban areas is expanding into colder regions, with immersed tunnels an increasingly competitive alternative for waterway crossings. Recent examples of new immersed tunnels affected by cold weather include the Bjørvika, Söderstrum, and Marieholm tunnels in Norway and Sweden. This article aims to describe the practical and technical issues related to applying the immersed tunnel construction method to colder regions for them to stay competitive.
An initial distinction can be made between tunnels crossing large water bodies and tunnels crossing rivers based on the differences in their ice regimes. For example, one of the main ice related issues for immersed tunnels crossing seas and lakes is ice pile-up, which results in heavy loading of the approaches and mechanical scour of the seabed. This is an issue which is relatively well documented and has been taken into account in projects like the Øresund tunnel. The ice regime of a river is quite different, where issues for immersed tunnels have thus far gone undocumented. Subarctic issues typical in river ice regimes may include ice jams, anchor ice, surges, water level drops, and thermal expansion of ice, as well as unfavorable material behavior.
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An initial distinction can be made between tunnels crossing large water bodies and tunnels crossing rivers based on the differences in their ice regimes. For example, one of the main ice related issues for immersed tunnels crossing seas and lakes is ice pile-up, which results in heavy loading of the approaches and mechanical scour of the seabed. This is an issue which is relatively well documented and has been taken into account in projects like the Øresund tunnel. The ice regime of a river is quite different, where issues for immersed tunnels have thus far gone undocumented. Subarctic issues typical in river ice regimes may include ice jams, anchor ice, surges, water level drops, and thermal expansion of ice, as well as unfavorable material behavior.
...
The demand for tunnels crossing waterways in urban areas is expanding into colder regions, with immersed tunnels an increasingly competitive alternative for waterway crossings. Recent examples of new immersed tunnels affected by cold weather include the Bjørvika, Söderstrum, and Marieholm tunnels in Norway and Sweden. This article aims to describe the practical and technical issues related to applying the immersed tunnel construction method to colder regions for them to stay competitive.
An initial distinction can be made between tunnels crossing large water bodies and tunnels crossing rivers based on the differences in their ice regimes. For example, one of the main ice related issues for immersed tunnels crossing seas and lakes is ice pile-up, which results in heavy loading of the approaches and mechanical scour of the seabed. This is an issue which is relatively well documented and has been taken into account in projects like the Øresund tunnel. The ice regime of a river is quite different, where issues for immersed tunnels have thus far gone undocumented. Subarctic issues typical in river ice regimes may include ice jams, anchor ice, surges, water level drops, and thermal expansion of ice, as well as unfavorable material behavior.
An initial distinction can be made between tunnels crossing large water bodies and tunnels crossing rivers based on the differences in their ice regimes. For example, one of the main ice related issues for immersed tunnels crossing seas and lakes is ice pile-up, which results in heavy loading of the approaches and mechanical scour of the seabed. This is an issue which is relatively well documented and has been taken into account in projects like the Øresund tunnel. The ice regime of a river is quite different, where issues for immersed tunnels have thus far gone undocumented. Subarctic issues typical in river ice regimes may include ice jams, anchor ice, surges, water level drops, and thermal expansion of ice, as well as unfavorable material behavior.