We propose data-driven passivation strategies for switched linear systems with unknown system matrices. In particular, we consider two types of switching laws: controlled state-dependent switching and exogenous switching. Using offline open-loop input-state-output data, we derive linear state feedback controllers that render the switched system strictly passive via bilinear matrix inequalities (BMIs). Furthermore, passivation with noisy data, relaxation of the BMIs, and data-driven stabilization via passivity are discussed. Finally, numerical simulation results validate the performance of the proposed data-driven controllers.

Renewable Energy Communities (RECs) enable local energy sharing, reduce grid dependency, and support the energy transition. This work proposes an embedded-oriented Energy Community Management framework that maximizes shared energy while minimizing individual costs, increasing economic benefits. The architecture uses bilevel programming, decoupled via a reformulation of the objective and subproblems with KKT conditions. Optimization employs a modified ADMM algorithm with Nesterov acceleration for faster convergence. Implemented on low-power microcontrollers (ODROID-N2L and H3+), the framework demonstrates real-time feasibility and highlights the potential of lightweight, decentralized REC management.

We address a class of Nash games with nonconvex coupling constraints for which we define a novel notion of local equilibrium, here named local generalized Nash equilibrium (LGNE). Our first technical contribution is to show the stability in the game theoretic sense of these equilibria on a specific local subset of the original feasible set. Remarkably, we show that the proposed notion of local equilibrium can be equivalently formulated as the solution of a quasi-variational inequality with equal Lagrange multipliers. Next, under the additional proximal smoothness assumption of the coupled feasible set, we define conditions for the existence and local uniqueness of a LGNE. To compute such an equilibrium, we propose two discrete-time dynamics, or fixed-point iterations implemented in a centralized fashion. Our third technical contribution is to prove convergence under (strongly) monotone assumptions on the pseudo- gradient mapping of the game and proximal smoothness of the coupled feasible set. Finally, we apply our theoretical results to a noncooperative version of the optimal power flow control problem.

We present a novel user-centric vehicle-to-grid (V2G) framework that enables electric vehicle (EV) users to balance the trade-off between financial benefits from V2G and battery health degradation based on individual preference signals. Specifically, we introduce a game-theoretic model that treats the conflicting objectives of maximizing revenue from V2G participation and minimizing battery health degradation as two self-interested players. Via an enhanced semi-empirical battery health degradation model, we propose a finite-horizon smart charging strategy based on a horizon-splitting approach. Our method determines an appropriate allocation of time slots to each player according to the user's preferences, allowing for a flexible, personalized trade-off between V2G revenue and battery longevity. We conduct a comparative study between our approach and a multi-objective optimization formulation by evaluating the robustness of the charging schedules under parameter uncertainty and providing empirical estimates of regret and sensitivity. We validate our approach using realistic datasets through extensive trade-off studies that explore the impact of factors such as ambient temperature, charger type, and battery capacity, offering key insights to guide EV users in making informed decisions about V2G participation.

We consider the design of state feedback control laws for both the switching signal and the continuous input of an unknown switched linear system, given past noisy input-state trajectories measurements. Based on Lyapunov–Metzler inequalities and on a matrix S-lemma, we derive data-dependent bilinear programs, whose solution directly returns a provably stabilizing controller and ensures H₂ or H_∞ performance. We further present relaxations that considerably reduce the computational cost, still without requiring stabilizability of any of the switching modes. Finally, we showcase the flexibility of our approach on the constrained stabilization problem for an unknown perturbed linear system. We validate our theoretical findings numerically, demonstrating the favorable trade-off between conservatism and tractability achieved by the proposed relaxations.

We propose a data-driven, user-centric vehicle-to-grid (V2G) methodology based on multi-objective optimization to balance battery degradation and V2G revenue according to EV user preference. Given the lack of accurate and generalizable battery degradation models, we leverage input convex neural networks (ICNNs) to develop a data-driven degradation model trained on extensive experimental datasets. This approach enables our model to capture nonconvex dependencies on battery temperature and time while maintaining convexity with respect to the charging rate. Such a partial convexity property ensures that the second stage of our methodology remains computationally efficient. In the second stage, we integrate our data-driven degradation model into a multi-objective optimization framework to generate an optimal smart charging profile for each EV. This profile effectively balances the trade-off between financial benefits from V2G participation and battery degradation, controlled by a hyperparameter reflecting the user prioritization of battery health. Numerical simulations show the high accuracy of the ICNN model in predicting battery degradation for unseen data. Finally, we present a trade-off curve illustrating financial benefits from V2G versus losses from battery health degradation based on user preferences and showcase smart charging strategies under realistic scenarios.

We examine the routing problem for self-interested vehicles using stochastic decision strategies. By approximating the road latency functions and a non-linear variable transformation, we frame the problem as an aggregative game. We characterize the approximation error and we derive a new monotonicity condition for a broad category of games that encompasses the problem under consideration. Next, we propose a semi-decentralized algorithm to calculate the routing as a variational generalized Nash equilibrium and demonstrate the solution's benefits with numerical simulations. In the particular case of potential games, which emerges for linear latency functions, we explore a receding-horizon formulation of the routing problem, showing asymptotic convergence to destinations and analysing closed-loop performance dependence on horizon length through numerical simulations.

Multiagent decision problems are typically solved via distributed iterative algorithms, where the agents only communicate among themselves on a peer-to-peer network. Each agent usually maintains a copy of each decision variable, while agreement among the local copies is enforced via consensus protocols. Yet, each agent is often directly influenced by a small portion of the decision variables only: neglecting this sparsity results in redundancy, poor scalability with the network size, and communication and memory overhead. To address these challenges, we develop Estimation Network Design (END), a framework for the design and analysis of distributed algorithms. END algorithms can be tuned to exploit problem-specific sparsity structures, by optimally allocating copies of each variable only to a subset of agents, to improve efficiency and minimize redundancy. We illustrate the END's potential on generalized Nash equilibrium seeking under partial-decision information by designing new algorithms that can leverage the sparsity in cost functions, constraints, and aggregation values, and by relaxing the assumptions on the (directed) communication network postulated in the literature. Finally, we numerically test our methods on a unicast rate allocation problem, revealing greatly reduced communication and memory costs.

We study the data-driven finite-horizon linear quadratic regularization (LQR) problem reformulated as a semidefinite program (SDP). Our contribution is to propose two novel accelerated first-order methods for solving the resulting SDP. Our methods enjoy adaptive stepsize and adaptive smoothing parameters that speed up convergence and in turn, enhance scalability. Finally, we compare our accelerated first-order methods and show their benefits via numerical simulations on a benchmark LQR example.