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C. den Heijer

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Monitoring of beach and nearshore environments is essential for obtaining better insights into the functioning of the coastal zone. It has driven the understanding of these environments and worked beneficially alongside modelling studies. Hydrodynamics, water quality, and sedimentological and morphological processes can be observed and quantified through field measurements. A successful monitoring programme has a well-considered design, reflecting the interests of all parties involved and balancing scientific requirements (such as measuring scales and resolutions in time and space) against available budgets and resources. The key to utilizing the monitoring result is a data management system that accommodates the FAIR principles – Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable – for data handling. For the future of coastal monitoring we foresee that recent technological developments will help define the way; particularly miniaturized sensors, data transmission advances, and remote sensing techniques. These developments, especially if embedded in high-profile, open-access coastal observatories, can pave the way towards now-casting of coastal systems. ...
Journal article (2020) - Bram C. Van Prooijen, Marion F.S. Tissier, Cornelis Den Heijer, Rinse J.A. Wilmink, More authors..., Floris P. De Wit, Stuart G. Pearson, Harriette Holzhauer, Matthijs Gawehn, José A.A. Antolínez, Paul Lodewijk M. De Vet, Ad J.H.M. Reniers, Zheng Bing Wang
A large-scale field campaign was carried out on the ebb-tidal delta (ETD) of Ameland Inlet, a basin of the Wadden Sea in the Netherlands, as well as on three transects along the Dutch lower shoreface. The data have been obtained over the years 2017-2018. The most intensive campaign at the ETD of Ameland Inlet was in September 2017. With this campaign, as part of KustGenese2.0 (Coastal Genesis 2.0) and SEAWAD, we aim to gain new knowledge on the processes driving sediment transport and benthic species distribution in such a dynamic environment. These new insights will ultimately help the development of optimal strategies to nourish the Dutch coastal zone in order to prevent coastal erosion and keep up with sea level rise. The dataset obtained from the field campaign consists of (i) single-and multi-beam bathymetry; (ii) pressure, water velocity, wave statistics, turbidity, conductivity, temperature, and bedform morphology on the shoal; (iii) pressure and velocity at six back-barrier locations; (iv) bed composition and macrobenthic species from box cores and vibrocores; (v) discharge measurements through the inlet; (vi) depth and velocity from X-band radar; and (vii) meteorological data. The combination of all these measurements at the same time makes this dataset unique and enables us to investigate the interactions between sediment transport, hydrodynamics, morphology and the benthic ecosystem in more detail. The data provide opportunities to calibrate numerical models to a high level of detail. Furthermore, the open-source datasets can be used for system comparison studies. The data are publicly available at 4TU Centre for Research Data at https://doi.org/10.4121/collection:seawad (Delft University of Technology et al., 2019) and https://doi.org/10.4121/collection:kustgenese2 (Rijkswaterstaat and Deltares, 2019). The datasets are published in netCDF format and follow conventions for CF (Climate and Forecast) metadata. The http://data.4tu.nl (last access: 11 November 2020) site provides keyword searching options and maps with the geographical position of the data. ...
Journal article (2019) - Alessio Giardino, Eleni Diamantidou, Stuart Pearson, Giorgio Santinelli, Kees den Heijer
This paper presents an application of the Bayesian belief network for coastal erosion management at the regional scale. A "Bayesian erosion management network" (BERM-N) is developed and trained based on yearly cross-shore profile data available along the Holland coast. Profiles collected for over 50 years and at 604 locations were combined with information on different sand nourishment types (i.e., beach, dune, and shoreface) and volumes implemented during the analyzed time period. The network was used to assess the effectiveness of nourishments in mitigating coastal erosion. The effectiveness of nourishments was verified using two coastal state indicators, namely the momentary coastline position and the dune foot position. The network shows how the current nourishment policy is effective in mitigating the past erosive trends. While the effect of beach nourishment was immediately visible after implementation, the effect of shoreface nourishment reached its maximum only 5-10 years after implementation of the nourishments. The network can also be used as a predictive tool to estimate the required nourishment volume in order to achieve a predefined coastal erosion management objective. The network is interactive and flexible and can be trained with any data type derived from measurements as well as numerical models. ...
Book chapter (2019) - Kees den Heijer
The Sand Motor is the first project of its kind in the whole world and has thus attracted both national and international attention from researchers, policy makers and the general public. Valuable data has been collected by Rijkswaterstaat through the Monitoring and Evaluation Plan, and by researchers of NatureCoast and other projects. All data is publicly available via https://zandmotordata.nl. ...

Surveying research data management practices at Delft University of Technology

The Data Stewardship project is a new initiative from the Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) in the Netherlands. Its aim is to create mature working practices and policies regarding research data management across all TU Delft faculties. The novelty of this project relies on having a dedicated person, the so-called ‘Data Steward,’ embedded in each faculty to approach research data management from a more discipline-specific perspective. It is within this framework that a research data management survey was carried out at the faculties that had a Data Steward in place by July 2018. The goal was to get an overview of the general data management practices, and use its results as a benchmark for the project. The total response rate was 11 to 37% depending on the faculty. Overall, the results show similar trends in all faculties, and indicate lack of awareness regarding different data management topics such as automatic data backups, data ownership, relevance of data management plans, awareness of FAIR data principles and usage of research data repositories. The results also show great interest towards data management, as more than ~80% of the respondents in each faculty claimed to be interested in data management training and wished to see the summary of survey results. Thus, the survey helped identified the topics the Data Stewardship project is currently focusing on, by carrying out awareness campaigns and providing training at both university and faculty levels. ...
Journal article (2018) - W. S. Jäger, E. K. Christie, A. M. Hanea, C. den Heijer, T. Spencer
Emergency management and long-term planning in coastal areas depend on detailed assessments (meter scale) of flood and erosion risks. Typically, models of the risk chain are fragmented into smaller parts, because the physical processes involved are very complex and consequences can be diverse. We developed a Bayesian network (BN) approach to integrate the separate models. An important contribution is the learning algorithm for the BN. As input data, we used hindcast and synthetic extreme event scenarios, information on land use and vulnerability relationships (e.g., depth-damage curves). As part of the RISC-KIT (Resilience-Increasing Strategies for Coasts toolKIT) project, we successfully tested the approach and algorithm in a range of morphological settings. We also showed that it is possible to include hazards from different origins, such as marine and riverine sources. In this article, we describe the application to the town of Wells-next-the-Sea, Norfolk, UK, which is vulnerable to storm surges. For any storm input scenario, the BN estimated the percentage of affected receptors in different zones of the site by predicting their hazards and damages. As receptor types, we considered people, residential and commercial properties, and a saltmarsh ecosystem. Additionally, the BN displays the outcome of different disaster risk reduction (DRR) measures. Because the model integrates the entire risk chain with DRR measures and predicts in real-time, it is useful for decision support in risk management of coastal areas. ...
In the present time of sea-level rise and climate change a global shift has occurred toward sandy coastal protection measures and Building with Nature. These type of protection measures impose extra uncertainty on the instantaneous state of the coastal system over time for which present deterministic forecasting techniques are not capable of providing necessary information on uncertainties and hence could display a false sense of accuracy and skill. At present in long term morphological modeling a full systemic approach for uncertainty assessment has not yet been applied. This paper investigates the use of a Bayesian Network as a tool for uncertainty assessment in decadal scale morphological modeling for the evolution of a mega nourishment at the Dutch North-Holland coast, the Hondsbossche Dunes (HBD). The Bayesian Network is trained with an existing set of model data and field data of one year bed development. The Bayesian Network successfully transfers the bandwidth in input variables, model uncertainty and calibration uncertainty to an uncertainty bandwidth around the output parameter of choice. ...