Real-time simulation of biophysically accurate neuron models is essential for advanced neuromorphic computing and neuroprosthetic applications. The Hodgkin–Huxley (HH) model provides high biological fidelity but is computationally expensive, making large-scale FPGA implementations challenging. Existing hardware implementations typically trade biological accuracy for scalability or require substantial hardware resources to achieve real-time performance.

This thesis presents BrainLUT, a resource-efficient FPGA architecture that implements the nonlinear ion-channel computations of the HH model using neural network-generated lookup tables. The proposed approach leverages Quantisation-Aware Training (QAT) and adapted NeuraLUT and ReducedLUT methodologies to approximate complex HH functions with compact logic-based lookup tables, eliminating the need for expensive arithmetic evaluation while preserving model fidelity. Multiple hardware architectures and optimisation techniques, including structural decomposition, lookup table compression, derivative-based prediction, neural-network-based LUT generation, and reduced numerical precision, are explored to identify an optimal design.

The resulting proof-of-concept implementation simulates 1,250 Hodgkin–Huxley neurons in real time on a Xilinx Artix-7 XC7A200T FPGA operating at 125 MHz, utilising only 6,307 LUTs (4.71%), 15 BRAMs (3.01%), and 4 DSP blocks (0.54%). Although not achieving the highest absolute neuron count reported in the literature, the proposed architecture demonstrates substantially improved resource efficiency and neuron density compared with existing FPGA implementations of the Hodgkin–Huxley model. These results establish BrainLUT as a scalable and resource-efficient foundation for future large-scale, biophysically accurate neuromorphic systems. ... Read more

This thesis presents the design and development of a UV-C LED-based seed treatment machine aimed at enhancing seed quality by the extermination of pathogens. The research covers design choices, including a round irradiation pattern, consisting of two rings with three and nine LEDs for the inner and outer ring respectively, the use of a quartz plate as a holding plate for seeds for its high UV-C light permeability capabilities, the use of a vibration motor underneath the main operational stack for seed movement, and the use of Ethernet ports for power distribution and communication. The thesis discusses a comparative study between square and circular plate configurations, evaluating their performance using simulation results. Safety considerations were prioritized in the design, and appropriate precautions were implemented throughout the design process. The thesis also highlights the iterative design process for the mechanical system, discussing challenges encountered and improvements made to achieve a functional and robust prototype. Results demonstrate successful integration of components and achievement of objectives. The thesis concludes with discussions on the strengths, limitations, and future enhancements of the UV-C LED-based seed treatment machine. The research presented in this thesis provides valuable insights for further advancements in seed treatment technology, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices. Due to time constraints, conclusive results of testing on seed with this machine could not be obtained yet. ... Read more