Sounds can evoke various emotional reactions based not only on their acoustic properties but also on their perceived meanings. Hyperacusis is a condition in which individuals experience heightened sensitivity to everyday sounds, often resulting in anxiety, fear, and avoidance behaviors. The concept of soundscape—an individual’s subjective experience of the acoustic environment, combined with the appraisal theory provides insights for understanding the emotional roots of these behaviors. To support behavioral transformation, persuasive gamification offers a promising approach for designing effective and engaging interventions. By incorporating soundscapes into game world, such interventions can help individuals gradually acclimate to distressing sounds in a controlled and interactive way. This study aims to develop a design guideline for persuasive gamified interventions targeting hyperacusis listeners. We first integrated insights from literature and map hyperacusis behavior patterns based on appraisal processes. Semi-structured interviews with seven domain experts then inform six key design considerations: understanding hyperacusis listeners, entry points into the game world, the use of soundscapes as game elements, in-game coping strategies, the transfer effect to real-world behaviors, and ethical concerns.

This paper proposes an architecture design approach for a wideband continuous-time (CT) ΣΔ modulator with ultra-low oversampling ratio (OSR). The ultra-low OSR is beneficial in terms of power consumption for both the clock distribution network and the subsequent decimation filter. In this work, three signal feedforward paths and an additional feedback path are used to reduce the power consumption. Extensive system-level simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solutions. Furthermore, this work verifies the proposed methods by transistor-level design and simulations of a 2 GHz 4^th-order CT ΣΔ modulator achieving an SNDR of 46 dB in a signal band of 250 MHz while consuming only 1.91 mW of power in 40 nm CMOS. The proposed solutions enable CT ΣΔ modulators for low power ultra-wideband (UWB) applications.

This paper presents a 2 GHz 4-bit asynchronous successive approximation register (SAR) quantizer to enable an ultra-wideband continuous-time (CT) sigma-delta modulator (SDM). Low latency is required for the stability of the SDM. The excess-loop-delay compensation (ELDC) is embedded in the SAR quantizer by adding an extra switched-capacitor DAC segment with two separate reference voltages. To achieve high speed, a g_m-boosted StrongARM latch and the monotonic switching scheme are used. This paper presents the transistor-level circuit implementation and the complete verification of the CT SDM. Simulation results show the power consumption of this SAR-based quantizer including ELDC is 0.98 mW, leading to a very competitive Figure-of-Merit of 30.6 fJ/conv.-step.

The state of the land surface and the water cycle over the South and East Asia can be determined by space observation. New or significantly improved algorithms have been developed and evaluated against ground measurements. Variables retrieved include land surface properties, i.e. NDVI, LAI, FPAR, albedo, soil moisture, glacier and lake levels. Based on these biophysical parameters derived from microwave and optical remote sensing observations, a hybrid remotely sensed evapotranspiration (ET) estimation model named ETMonitor was developed and applied to estimate the daily actual ET of the Southeast Asia at a spatial resolution of 1 km. The changes in glaciers and lakes on the Tibetan Plateau, and the drainage links between glaciers and lakes are determined in this climate-sensitive region.

This paper presents an approach to time-multiplexing multiple receive signals in a miniature ultrasound probe onto a single micro-coaxial cable. The resulting reduction in the number of receive cables alleviates the design of high-element-count endoscope- or catheter-based ultrasound probes. A prototype multiplexing system is presented that employs a custom multiplexing chip that uses current-mode drivers to combine four receive channels, sampled at 25 MHz each, on a single 3-m micro-coaxial cable. On the system-side of the cable, a transimpedance amplifier turns the multiplexed signal back into a voltage, after which it is digitized and equalized to correct for channel-to-channel crosstalk due to non-idealities of the cable. The chip has been implemented in a 0.18 μm CMOS process and consumes less than 1 mW per input channel. Experimental results show that the system can successfully convey 6 MHz Gaussian-shaped pulses applied to the four input channels of the multiplexing chip to the system with a channel-to-channel crosstalk below -31 dB.