A new healthcare domain is growing which is called eHealth. eHealth solutions are getting deployed in order to tackle the ongoing problem of an increase in patients with a chronic disease in The Netherlands. Medicine Men has developed a eHealth solution for patients with chronic diseases which is called the Emma Activity Coach. This application runs on a Fitbit smartwatch and is part of the Emma system which consists out of a smartphone application called Emma.6 and a desktop application called Emma dashboard. The aim of the Emma Activity Coach and the Emma system is to empower patients with a chronic disease in monitoring their activity in their own environment with the support of an informal caregiver and a healthcare professional in order to improve the quality of life of the patient. Project focus The focus of this project is on exploring the target group of the Emma Activity Coach and its needs in order to improve the Emma system. The user interaction and experience of the user are explored. Problems that come up are translated into design iterations which result in a proposed final design that fulfils the found needs and the set design vison. The ecosystem of the project consist out of three parties: • The patient • The informal caregiver • The healthcare professional Target group Literature research and interviews with several healthcare professionals showed that the use of the Emma Activity Coach would be beneficial for patients with chronic diseases such as COPD, Type 2 diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). The target group is characterised by comorbidity; I.e. suffers from more than one chronic disease. This means that there is an overlap of disease symptoms of which activity, and therefore the use of the Emma Activity Coach is found to be beneficial. Target group challenge and needs The target group is explored via several patient interviews who suffer from COPD and/or Type 2 diabetes, three informal caregivers and three healthcare professionals. The main challenge for the target group is knowing their activity limits in order to gain back trust in their physical and mental condition. The target group has problems with getting enough activity or sometimes getting too much activity, which is often the case for patients with COPD. Their disease makes it hard for them to recognize their limits due to constant being short of breath. The challenge of the target group is translated into four needs; the need for autonomy, security, stimulation and support. Several design criteria are setup according to these needs and translated in the concluding design vision; to make the patient feel in control of their physical and mental health condition, by providing clear feedback on their activity. Design process Several user studies with COPD patients who had experience with the use of the Emma Activity Coach on a Fitbit smartwatch were performed. Interviews, observations and user tests revealed multiple design and comprehensibility problems with the current design of the Emma Activity Coach. These problems were tackled via three iteration rounds with the target group participants. The Emma dashboard of the healthcare professional, with the focus on physiotherapists, is also explored by interviewing 4 physiotherapists who have made use or still use the Emma dashboard in combination with the Emma Activity Coach. The iteration is presented as a starting point for further development. The evaluation with the target group shows that the proposed design of the Emma Activity Coach achieves the set design vision of this project.

Technological advances have led to the development of autonomous driving. The SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) defined five automation levels in order to differentiate the responsibilities between the driver and an automated driving system, ranging from “No Automation” (L0), to “Conditional Automation” (L3) and “Full Automation” (L5). The transition to full automation, however, brings new risks, such as mode confusion, overreliance, reduced situational awareness and misuse. Therefore, led by SWOV and together with many other parties, a 4-year project MEDIATOR is launched. The goal is to create a self-learning mediating system which guarantees safe, real-time transition of control between human driver and automated system depending on who is better fit for drive (Mediator, 2019).When the automation system reaches its operational limit in a given traffic situation, the automation issues a so-called take-over request (TOR), asking the driver to take back control of the vehicle (Gasser & Westhoff, 2012; Hoeger et al., 2011). The Human Machine Interface (HMI) plays a critical role on passing signal from the automated vehicle to driver when TOR happens. Therefore, it is of vital importance in avoiding misunderstandings, misuse, over-reliance, reduced situational awareness and mode confusion. However, nowadays, there are various different HMI design for autonomous vehicles in the market. Develop an unified HMI design principle to regulate the autonomous vehicle industry is also one of the tasks of MEDIATOR project.The graduation project is focusing on the HMI research and design when takeover happens ( see Figure 1). The key research questions of the graduation project are “when is it needed to communicate what kind of information and how to communicate the information with the driver during takeover?” So exploring the scenarios of TOR and then define the similarities and differences are one of the tasks. Simultaneously, from a research of Bazilinskyy and colleagues (2018), the means to communicate take-over requests are divided into three main categories that may be used in different level of urgency for take-over transition: visua l(written messages or signals shown on cluster, head unit or other in-vehicle displays), auditory (sonorous signals or voice messages), and vibrotactile (vibration of the steering wheel or seat). So it will be one of the challenges to explore which modalities to communicate TOR are the most effective means. In addition, driver’s situational awareness (SA can be defined simply as “knowing what is going on around us”) predicts the takeover performance. Drivers are better able to respond to hazards when they’re aware of the driving context. Therefore, enhancing the SA is also another challenge for the design of the takeover journey.In conclusion, the objective of the project is to design the HMI of autonomous vehicles in order to enhance situation awareness for a better take over transition/journey.

This report describes the project of designing an interactive exhibit for children in the context of Science Centre Delft to actively explore, and thereby learn about, the interactions of light and sound beams with materials. It involves the application of a directional speaker in a totally new and dynamic way to trigger sound and light effects. The project is an example of a design project which is not about problem solving. It involves children as target group, which do not have urgent problems with current exhibits about light and sound interactions and do not have a specific need to learn about it. A solution space can thus not be defined by the needs of the target group. Therefore the context, the target group and the subjects of sound and light are thoroughly researched first. Then three iterations of experimentation, ideation, prototyping and evaluation are performed to gain a design vision. A final concept is developed which is evaluated with children in the context by means of a working prototype. The final concept, Sonolum, demonstrates a totally new dynamic application of a directional speaker to actively explore multi-sensory interactions with materials. With the Sonolum children can aim directional sound at modules to trigger sound and light effects. The children are invited to configure and explore patterns of modules with different materials on a magnetic wall. By doing so they can explore and learn more about different sound-light-material interactions. For example a module with a mirror reflects the sound and light in a specular and directed way, while a module with black foam will absorb the sound and light. The final prototype of Sonolum is evaluated upon enjoyment, stimulation of exploratory behaviour and bringing across the subjects of sound and light interactions with materials. The study was performed with 48 children over 2 days in the context of ‘Gamelab’ inside Science Centre Delft. The results show that children enjoy the exhibit, that the exhibit shows promise in supporting exploratory behaviour, but unfortunately does not yet bring across sound and light interactions with materials, although the children do indicate that the subject of the exhibit is light, sound and music. This may be due to some limitations of the prototype. Future development and investigation is needed to improve the perceivability of the sound-material effects in the exhibit.

Using Schiphol’s Security Scanner is confusing for a lot of passengers. Therefore, security agents currently have to fully take on the task of guiding the passenger through the Scanner. This repetitive task in the high volume environment of Schiphol security leads to physical and mental exhaustion which results in frustration, and is projected onto passengers. The responsive animations concept guides passengers in taking the correct posture inside the Security Scanner. Real time skeletal tracking is done, whereafter the appropriate instructions and corrections are displayed. This concept aims to replace the instructive tasks of the agents to lighten their workload, and to defuse the tensions between passenger and agent. Prototyping tests were executed in a live security operation to assess the effectiveness of the design and to record the agents’ experiences. Agents found the concept to work de-escalating because it acted as a mediator between passenger and agents. Moreover, they noticed a significant decrease in repetitive workload improving their overall mood and resilience.

This graduation project focuses on leveraging interactive media and designs for a future large capacity indoor attraction, namely “sound of the Netherlands”. Since the project starts from scratch, project assumption is needed in the beginning to facilitate the follow-on study and design. Desk research was used to define the scope and formulate project assumptions, which are the stepping-stone for the following phases. Moreover, the research about the interactive media and representative sounds of the Netherlands were conducted to spot the relevant media and content that can be used in the design. In the second step, user research was conducted to define and better understand the target group. The result revealed their primary motivation, expectation, and concerns toward large capacity cultural tourist Attraction. Building upon this, the design goal was formulated: Design an interactive Creative Cultural Attraction (400-450 p/h) with a novel experience and intuitive interaction around the topic “Sound of the Netherlands, which allows people to feel free to enjoy with others and know about the lifestyle of the Netherlands. To address the design goal, the designer viewed current large-capacity tourist attraction. Moreover, the literature research on how to adopt intuitive interaction design for a variety of users was conducted to find possible design solutions. The fourth stage was the design phase. The design started with building a holistic story and context for the Attraction. JORA VISION suggests to kick off the attraction design from developing the storyline. Two brainstorming sessions were conducted to develop the storyline. There is no precise number about the size and scale of the Attraction given in the design brief. So the designer developed a space model based on the design requirements and visitors' needs. After the space model was built, the detailed interaction design is developed along with the design guideline. Finally, an evaluation test was conducted to validate whether the design concepts fulfill the design goal and reach interaction quality. The designer used the Walkthrough 3D video and VR model in the cardboard for participants to understand the context and experience the space. The interaction storyboard (animation with sound) and interactive prototypes were used to test interaction. The designer combined 7-point Likert Scale and interviews to gain the feedback and insights of participants. The results of the test were used as a foundation for future recommendations for the company. Overall, it's an explorative project. The designer did extensive explorations in both problem space and solution space. During the process, the problem and solution also co-envolved.

Immersive audio is an upcoming innovation within the world of professional audio reinforcement. The amount of possibilities of enhancing the listening experience is enlarged drastically by setting up arrays of speakers in front of and around the audience. Technological advancements make it possible to render recorded audio channels for an immersive audio system during live performances. These advancements rely on spatial audio rendering techniques, which will be described partly in this thesis. The elaboration on these techniques serves to clarify how the created audio effects are generated. Object-based audio (OBA) mixing allows the rendering of (pre)recorded audio channels for an immersive audio system. OBA mixing allows to be very close to the listening experience. In the project that is presented in this thesis, an in-depth look is taken at the use cases of immersive audio in the application of live performances. The users of immersive audio systems, who carry the responsibility of developing and executing the content that is reproduced over such systems, are determined and involved in defining a number of common use cases. Through the ability of defining specific requirements, these use cases lay the foundation for the development of a concept of a mixing tool for immersive audio systems. These requirements are supported by a respective definition of quality. Qualitative research is also done in terms of generating ideas. Furthermore, a look is taken at existing relevant software, with analogous functionalities. The research is bundled in a concept for a mixing tool, which is worked out in a visual mock-up. This mock-up is used in an evaluation study, to create an insight into the desirability of the concept. The concept is also laid parallel to its requirements that have been set for it. At last, elements of the concept, which are missing despite their relevance, are discussed. Further research is suggested for the development of these elements. Additionally, some use cases that arose during the project for the use of OBA mixing in the further future are presented.

Monitoring radio messages while driving is an omnipresent dual-task combination in police work, but it is also one that is considered unsafe for regular drivers. Whereas regular drivers are expected to fully prioritize the driving task, police officers typically do not have the option to stop their car to attend important incoming messages, nor can they afford an uninformed arrival at the scene. A novel method for the visualization of observational data shows that police work is highly fragmented, and suggests that frequent reports on work overload are related to dual- task involvement in this fragmented workflow. Therefore, a series of experimental studies have been conducted to understand the mechanics that underlie and result from task prioritization in a dynamic complex socio-technical system, such as the police context. Methodological implications are presented for the interpretation of tradeoffs between task performance and mental effort as function of task prioritization. Furthermore, practical implications are presented for the development of information technology in police vehicles. Finally, recommendations for future research include the validation of an integrated model on coping strategies, task prioritization, and dual-task switching.@en