In this paper, we present an equivalent circuit model that integrates a living myocardial slice (LMS) cultured on a microelectrode array (MEA) to effectively simulates a heart-on-a-chip (HoC) within Electronic Design Automation (EDA) software. The cardiac fiber model consists of cardiomyocytes interconnected by gap junctions to simulate the action potential (AP) conduction in the longitudinal direction. We systematically explored several parameters, including gap junction resistors, seal resistors, and electrode diameters, to assess their effects on local field potential (LFP). The model accuracy was validated through in vitro experiments using mouse LMS, confirming its potential for guiding HoC design in cardiac research.

We present new experimental evidence and extensive numerical simulations of a few distinct fingerprints generated by dielectric and conductive microparticles in electrolyte environment on the capacitance spectra of nanoelectrode array sensors. Finite element simulations in good agreement with measurements allow us to identify unambiguously the physical origin of these features, and to illustrate their dependence on the system's geometrical and physical properties. In particular, we show that conductive particles induce a response with complex space and frequency dependencies, caused by the formation of an AC electrical double layer at the particle surface, and its interaction with the working and counter electrodes in the array. Furthermore, we highlight features that could lead to false-negative detection events in sensing applications. The theoretical predictions are confirmed by experiments on a state of the art CMOS pixelated nanocapacitor biosensor platform.