Resistive Random-Access Memory (RRAM) is an emerging memory technology that has the possibility to compete with mainstream memory technologies such as Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DRAM) and flash memory. The reason why RRAM has not seen mass adoption yet is due to its defect-prone nature. The resistance of RRAM can assume any value within its operating range and its resistance can be divided into five states instead of the regular two logic states. Conventional test techniques are incapable of detecting unique faults due to their inability to distinguish between all five cell states, resulting in a large number of test escapes. Therefore, new test methods, such as Design-For-Testability (DFT), need to be developed to reduce the number of test escapes and ensure customer satisfaction. This work proposes two new DFTs: Parallel-Reference Read (PRR) and Closed-Loop Write (CLW). The PRR DFT is a replacement for the regular read circuit, which enables the detection of all five cell states, while the CLW DFT is an addition to the regular write circuit, which introduces feedback during the write operation. From these two DFTs, the PRR DFT is selected for further development and its design is validated. From the validation, it is concluded that the PRR DFT can detect all five cell states. Moreover, under process variations, the PRR DFT will provide the correct output in 95.90% of the cases. Furthermore, the PRR DFT improves the overall resistive-defect detection capability by 14.79% when compared to a regular read circuit. Finally, the PRR DFT offers 100% identified fault coverage while only requiring 4N write operations, 5N read operations and an area overhead of 14N_c transistors, where N and N_c are the total number of cells and the total number of columns in the RRAM array, respectively.

The "FM Chirp Waveform Generator and Detector for Radar" is a Bachelor graduation project with an educational purpose. In this thesis, two modules of the whole system are designed and simulated. In particular, the sawtooth generator and the FM detector. The sawtooth generator is used to generate a linearly increasing signal, which can be used to make a chirp signal. The FM detector is used to extract the original information signal from the received FM signal. The used procedure consisted of determining possible implementations, setting up the design equations, choosing component values and simulating the circuits in ADS. The sawtooth generator was implemented using a ramp generator, Schmitt trigger and a voltage clamper while the FM detector was implemented using a balanced slope detector and a differential-to-single-ended converter. The results showed that the sawtooth generator can successfully produce a sawtooth waveform and that the FM detector can successfully retrieve it. It was concluded that both the modules satisfy all the requirements, meaning that they should work as expected in the whole system. Finally, the future steps were listed which, among others, include improving the linearity of the sawtooth generator and the FM detector.