Aanleiding voor dit onderzoek was een tegenstrijd welke aanwezig is bij de overheid als het gaat om bewonersparticipatie. Met de komst van de woonvisie in Rotterdam, heeft de gemeente Rotterdam namelijk al een aantal beslissingen genomen ten aanzien van de leefomgeving van bewoners en hiermee de invloed van bewoners over hun leefomgeving afgezwakt. Toch maakt de gemeente zich nog wel hard voor bewonersparticipatie. Dit onderzoek gaat daarom in op deze tegenstrijdigheid. Kern van dit onderzoek is het in beeld brengen van de stand van zaken rond bewonersparticipatie in de (focus)wijken van Rotterdam waar de woonvisie inslaat.

The aim of this thesis is to identify the obstacles for the transition of refugee camps and to identify whether network management can be a way to deal with this. The combiniation of the long-term existence of refugee camps, its negative impact on individuals, the inevitable urbanization and the lack of policy implementation of the UN refugee agency causes urgency to look at the management of a refugee camp differently. Humanitarian aid is not appropriate anymore and the moment development aid comes in remains unclear. The linkage between the different forms of aid is lacking. In this thesis, the transition between these different forms of aid is investigated by conducting a network analysis the case study: Za’atari Refugee Camp in Jordan. The results show that the main obstacle in the transition is the lack of interaction and platform. This is caused by several institutional obstacles. The host government rejects the durable solution integration, has a complex decision-making structure and points towards the international community to take care of the refugee camp which causes absence of incentives to intiate interaction about the transition of the camp. Also from the UN side there is a lack of mandate for the long-term, a short-term funding system and non-transparancy between agencies causes obstacles for interaction. Also having a developmental approach, or exit strategies for humanitarian agencies is blocked by the difficult economic situation in Jordan and the high standards of UN agencies.
By analysing a Think Tank project which aims to establish interaction about the future of Za’atari Refugee Camp the application of network management strategies is tested. The results show that some interaction was established successfully but that the process stagnated when actors had to take ownership and resigned predominantly from the process. Lacking protection of core values and lack of agreement on process rules can be one of the reasons for the stagnation in the process. There are several obstacles to be found to the transition of refugee camp Za’atari, which can also be found worldwide in other refugee camp situations. These obstacles cannot directly be overcome by networkmanagement because it is limited to the extent wherein the core-values remain protected. Network management is hampered when actors on purpose execute non-cooperative strategies to protect their core-values.

The Manutenção Militar Complex (MMC) was an industrial facility that produced food, uniforms and other goods for the Portuguese Army. The first bakery was accommodated in a former Convent – Convento das Grilas – by the end of the 19th Century. During the 20th Century, due to the needs during the First World War and the Portuguese Colonial War in the 1960s, the complex was expanded. Whilst the Portuguese Army reached 200,000 men in the 1960s, it is now reduced to 20,000 active soldiers. Gradually the factories closed and Manutenção Militar was finally substituted by a public enterprise MM-Gestão Partilhada in 2015. The termination of the industrial production raised the problem of finding new sustainable uses for this area on the Tagus riverfront, between the Pombaline City Harbour – Terreiro do Paço – and the Contemporary Parque das Nações. This is a challenging task: any future solution needs to have a dialogue with this current industrial heritage, which is deeply connected with recent Portuguese history, as well as with the Lisbon riverside area and the contemporary city.

This master thesis is part of the graduation studio named ‘Disclosing the Military City Lisbon’ as part of the chair Heritage and Architecture at the TU Delft. The studio assignment and project is initiated in collaboration with DOCOMOMO (International committee for documentation and conservation of buildings, sites and neighbourhoods of the modern movement)
The start of the project was done by attending the 14th International DOCOMOMO Conference and joining the organised on-site workshop in Lisbon.

The graduation project is focused on the ‘South’ part of the Manutençao Militar Complex in Lisbon. This part has been vacant since 1992 due to military re-organisations. The objective is to adaptively re-use the total of about 34.000 m2 of vacant space.

When visiting the site the building that struck me the most was the silos. Because of it’s height, contrasting shape and standing at the end of a long street it immediately caught my eye. I have chosen the silos to focus my graduation on due to its key role as landmark, as face of the site (and surroundings), its vital role in my strategy for the complex and my fascination for the building.

The MMC was an industrial facility that produced food, uniforms and other goods for the Portuguese Army. During the twentieth century the complex was expanded. Whilst the Portuguese Army reached 200.000 men in the 1960’s, it is now reduced to 20.000 active soldiers. Gradually the factories closed and Manutencao Militar was finally substituted by a public enterprise in 2015. The termination of the industrial production raised the problem of finding new sustainable uses for this area on the Tagus riverfront, between the Pombaline City Harbour and the Contemporary Parque das Nacoes. This is a challenging task: any future solution needs to have a dialogue with this current industrial heritage, which is deeply connected with recent Portuguese history, as well as with the Lisbon riverside area and the contemporary city.

This is a complex project focused on combing a working and living environment for the employees of a tech company located in Amsterdam at the former Apple Market. The design redevelops an existing, underutilized parking garage and the adjacent waterfront to create an innovation district integrated within the urban fabric, with special attention to the layering of different target groups, hence a variety of communal spaces and dwellings (affordable housing, mid-range housing, family apartments, short-stay hotel, long-stay hotel and investor apartments). The project also includes a catenary dome structure (design dome, greenhouse and auditorium) the key element that gives public access and transparency to the campus.

The main research question for this design was: How can the human dimension be introduced in a former industrial warehouse, making the warehouse and it’s urban surroundings more suitable for residing for longer periods? The human dimension in this project was incorporated into three levels: Site level, building level and detail level. Starting from the people being able to transform the spaces according to their needs. To the adjustments to the building so that it acts upon the the factors mentioned by Jan Gehl. On site level some similar and different factors are incorporated so that people are feeling Protection, Comfort and Delight. What is currently missing at the site but can easly be incorporated to make sure that the warehouse and it’s urban surroundings are more suitable for staying for longer periods. Transforming the site from an industrial militairy site to a site where the social and educational meet to solve some issues present on site but also in the surrounding neighborhoods. The Social Educational Tangle: A human dimension for Lisbon’s industrial warehouses.The whole project is based on social connections and education, this comes together in the silos with the former warehouses. In the redesign attention is paid to the surroundings, the connections but also the functions and creating interaction between the social (public) spaces along with the educational spaces where collaboration and transmitting knowlegde is a keypoint in the design.