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D.R. Crielaard

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Germanium spin qubits offer high-fidelity control via strong spin-orbit interaction, but their magnetic field sensitivity typically requires bulky superconducting vector magnets that limit scalability. This study investigates replacing these with an external permanent magnet located outside the cryostat to reclaim internal sample space. By operating in a hybrid mode (internal and external magnets), we fine-tuned the field to an in-plane orientation, achieving a dephasing time T2*=13μs and single-qubit Clifford gate fidelities exceeding 99.9%. Remarkably, we demonstrate qubit operation even with the internal superconducting magnet deactivated. In this regime, we observed extended coherence times of T2*=31μs and T2H=266μs, on a natural Germanium heterostructure. These results demonstrate that room-temperature magnets allow for high qubit performance. This approach facilitates scaling by freeing cryogenic space for essential control circuitry and wiring, paving the way for large-scale quantum processors. ...
Semiconductor spin qubits have emerged as a promising platform for quantum computing, following a significant improvement in their control fidelities over recent years. Increasing the qubit count remains challenging, beginning with the fabrication of small features and complex fan-outs. A particular challenge has been formed by the need for individual barrier gates to control the exchange interaction between adjacent spin qubits. Here, we propose a method to vary two-qubit interactions without applying pulses on individual barrier gates while also remaining insensitive to detuning noise in first order. Experimentally we find that changing plunger gate voltages over 300 mV can tune the exchange energy J from 100 kHz to 60 MHz. This allows us to perform two-qubit operations without changing the barrier gate voltage. Based on these findings we conceptualize a spin qubit architecture without individual barrier gates, simplifying the fabrication while maintaining the control necessary for universal quantum computation. ...