Brownfields can bring forward unique spatial qualities in the urban environment: spatial exceptionality, re-usable infrastructures & imperfection that could bring forward the experience of being in a whole other world, while being in the middle of a city. However, these sites are often deconstructed, because they lack a direct financial or infrastructural benefit and are seen as ‘rubbish’. A trend which is reflected in the Binckhorst, The Hague, where an ensemble of two brownfields is planned to be demolished. Why? The Binckhorst is transforming from an industrial area into a dense mixed-use residential area, housing 5000+ dwellers and 5000+ workers. However, with more and more people living in the same environment the demand for restorative environments increases: spaces that help recharge our cognitive batteries. Simultaneously, with the industrial program moving, there is an opportunity to restore the ecological quality of this area. Urban forestry has proven to be able to bring forward restorative qualities for human nature. On the one hand, by providing soft fascinations for people. On the other hand, by being a vital component to increase biodiversity in cities. This thesis researches the potential of the brownfield-urban forest. More specifically, how the integration of these modern ruins and the natural backbone of the city could bring forward restorative environments for human nature. The result, the spatial design of the Patchwork Oasis in the Binckhorst and a concluding design guide, supported by precedent analysis. Both, showcasing why we need more green ruinscapes in our lifes and how the needs of human nature are much more similar than we often think.

Het Museum van Rotterdam moest eind vorig jaar zijn deuren sluiten, omdat het te weinig bezoekers trok en het gebouw niet meer voldeed aan zijn functie. De Raad voor Kunst en Cultuur stelde daarom een alternatief voor; een Nieuwe stadsmuseale functie (NSF) die wellicht niet in één gebouw gefaciliteerd zou moeten worden, maar op meerdere locaties verspreid over verschillende wijken. Deze gefragmenteerde musea vragen om een uitgebreid onderzoek van het programma met een focus op de bewoners. Het achterhalen van de identiteit van de gebruiker en de buurt op basis van verhalen uit de wijk en van bewoners zal inspiratie leveren voor het programma van een gefragmenteerd museum. Met dit onderzoek wordt inspiratie gezocht om zo dichter bij de verhalen van de wijk te komen. Het onderzoek start bij het achterhalen van de NSF en de visie van het Museum Rotterdam. Vervolgens worden de verhalen van de wijk in kaart gebracht en geanalyseerd, door middel van het programma Atlas.ti. Daarna zijn de verhalen geanalyseerd op sociale en culturele kenmerken om de identiteit van de bewoner, wijk, stadsgedeelte en de stad te ontdekken. Door de verhalen te analyseren op de naar voren gekomen kernthema’s en te luisteren naar wat de bewoners zelf vertellen over de identiteit, is er grip verkregen op de identiteit van de bewoners, de wijk, het stadsgedeelte en de stad. Tot slot is er onderzoek gedaan naar drie bestaande projecten om zo ook inspiratie op te doen voor het ruimtelijke programma voor het museum. Vanuit het tweede deel van het onderzoek is er inspiratie verkregen aan de hand van een referentieonderzoek die variëren in schaal, programma, context en de manier van tentoonstellen. Deze analyse is omgezet in ruimtelijke tools die zijn weergegeven in de schema’s. Het resultaat van het onderzoek is inspiratie voor het programma. Het ontwerp voor het museum zal de verhalen respecteren en kan bestaan uit een wisselende expositie. Een groot deel van de bewoners geven aan dat de toegankelijkheid een grote rol speelt in het deelnemen. Het museum zal dus toegankelijk zijn voor iedereen en laagdrempelig. De verschillende kernthema’s die zijn bestudeerd laten de identiteit van het stadsgedeelte zien. Daarbij staat de verbinding van bewoners bovenaan en zal dus kunnen dienen als hoofdthema voor het nieuwe museum. Dit onderzoek heeft dus inspiratie geleverd voor het programma op het gebied van de identiteit, de formaliteit, de toegankelijkheid en de verbinding.

Semarang City is located in the northern part of Java Island, Indonesia. As an important port city, Semarang’s urban fabric is closely related to its infrastructure: water and traffic networks. However, since the 1980s, the acceleration of Semarang urban growth has not been supported by proper foundations. The characteristics of the coastal area were hardly taken into account in urban development. Consequently, flood risk and, in particular, rob phenomena or tidal flood became the chronic problem of Semarang City. Consequently, environmental degradation and infrastructure destruction have continued to occur in the Semarang coastal area. Moreover, community life is always threatened by inundation risks. With Semarang as a backdrop, this research aims to address the gap on soft and hard approach in urban mitigation resilience planning in concept from both social and ecological resilience perspective and positioning urban design (both from architecture, landscape, and planning) by exploring the local adaptive mechanism in the chosen coastal Kampung Kemijen, in Semarang, Indonesia. This research derived from the socio-cultural perspective, trying to explore more on the local level and how it can be translated and integrated into the larger scale urban mitigation planning. The objective of the strategic framework, which is based on the socio-ecological principles, the actions which try to integrate the soft and hard approach in urban planning, and both of the design framework and strategies outcomes will be implemented on the design elaboration. The Strategic Framework’s goal is to develop a general understanding and possibilities of balancing the soft and hard approach in urban mitigation planning from the human scale through to the city scale. The project tries to read the relationships between three scales of planning: the city of Semarang, the coastal area (on the district scale), the kampung, and most importantly, to the human scale. The projects at some point are very site, time, and contextually specific. Therefore, the people’s participation and the high concern of climate and ecological-based planning are very important. In the end, This research demonstrates the strength and quality of the soft approach through local adaptive mechanisms in urban planning. Public participation is an important aspect when dealing with the urban planning issue in the Indonesian context. The normative urban planning in Indonesia tends to exclude public participation, whereas utilizing the local adaptive mechanism might contrive a new way of urban mitigation planning, which can be enforced for longterm planning.

Onderzoek naar een urban farm in de wijk Feijenoord in Rotterdam. Hoe een urban farm een bijdrage kan leveren aan de duurzame leefomgeving in Feijenoord.

Cities worldwide are grappling with spatial constraints, particularly in rapidly growing urban areas. Rotterdam, as an aspiring sustainable city, faces similar challenges in balancing sustainability goals with limited space. This predicament extends to the underutilized rooftop spaces across the city. While initiatives like the “multifunction rooftop” program and “Rotterdam Rooftop Days” have made inroads, the issue of unused rooftops persists. The primary obstacle often cited is cost, but cost is a relative factor, dependent on the unique values held by different stakeholders, buildings, and neighbourhoods. Several approaches to activate these rooftops have emerged but often lack consideration for the perspectives of rooftop stakeholders. This report introduces a novel strategy aimed at bridging the gap between municipal sustainability goals and the interests of rooftop stakeholders. The strategy leverages pattern language principles, providing a flexible framework for tailoring rooftop solutions to diverse scenarios. It not only assists stakeholders in conceptualizing rooftop designs but also aligns them with their values. To illustrate the strategy’s effectiveness, it is applied to a neighbourhood case study, wherein various rooftop types are designed in alignment with the proposed principles.

Connectivity within residential diversity is seen of high importance in current times of increasing polarization around economic and ethnic diversity. Due to an (1) erosion of institutions such as family and churches, (2) an increase of homogeneous networks, (3) a rise of urban places without clear links to each other, and (4) an upcoming tendency of high-income and high-educated residents to close themselves off within the built environment, the capacity of space to facilitate face-to-face interactions within residential diversity is questioned. Therefore, the project ‘Hier en Daar, a design-based research, explores the potential of urban design processes to foster the value of connectivity for a context with a high level of residential diversity. The research used multiple methods; literature, reflection, fieldwork, mapping and design. Results are illustrated for the case study area of Schiemond and surrounding areas in Rotterdam West. The research resulted in a roadmap for urban designers that explains four steps which could be taken to go for assignment to spatial intervention. The first step, named explore intention, involves a reflection on own motives and develops a definition of the value of connectivity. The second step is named adapt attitude and requires the development of an attitude towards residential diversity that does justice to its complexity. In the third step, analyse, urban conditions related to connectivity in residential diversity are explored. At last, during the fourth step, design, these findings can be translated into new type of connecting spaces by applying design principles, with help of design guidelines. All steps are supported by design mechanisms that can ease the urban design process, observed from author’s own value-sensitive design process.

exploitative energy production to meet the demand (Our World in Data, 2021). The current energy system causes climate change, pollution, and pressure on space (Our World in Data, 2021) (Withagen, 1994) (KNMI, 2020)(NOS, 2017). The energy transition begins to take shape, companies are investing in large-scale wind farms at sea, and people are installing solar panels on their roofs. However, nothing changed in lifestyle and energy consumption. By approaching the energy transition from with the current mindset, it tackles the problems surrounding climate change and pollution, but the pressure on space will increase (Sijmons et al., 2014). Throughout history, the relationship between space and energy has been great; the energy landscape signi-ficantly influenced our living environment (PBL, 2003)(Toekomstatelier NL2100, 2022). Over the years, it has become increasingly distant from our immediate living environment. Out of sight, out of mind (PBL, 2003). As a result, the consequences of unrestrained energy consumption are unclear, and people are not inclined to change. This research focuses on how this problem came about and the possibilities for the future. The design brings the energy landscape back into the living environment in the middle of the city. The research focuses on Oud-Crooswijk, a neighbourhood in the city of Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Here, the design investigates the potential of inner-city energy production and its spatial consequences. The energy transition is the catalyst for investment in spatial quality in the district. If the development is already there, much more can be made possible. In addition, the research shows how our lifestyle needs to change to achieve the intended quality. How people should adjust their behaviour and become more frugal and at the same time work together. As a result, the design creates a more conscious and social living environment. The research shows that by changing our behaviour and decentralise sustainable energy generation we can improve spatial quality, microclimate, and community. Now it is just a matter of daring to switch off.

Participatory processes have become unexceptional in Dutch planning. Due to the communicative turn in urban planning, collaborative planning moved up on the local and national government agenda: in 2021 the new environmental act will come into place, which firmly encourages participation in an early stage of the process. Within those participatory processes, face-to-face contact is currently indisputably the most used method. Practitioners believe that increasing the moments of contact is the best strategy to quickly reach consensus, even though only half of the participating citizens say that it indeed contributes to mutual trust and understanding. And although citizen participation is not something new in the Netherlands, its effectiveness leaves much to be desired. Despite the increase of attention for citizen engagement, the actual interaction between citizen and urban planner has not been studied extensively. Why and how to arrange a productive interaction with citizens is not clearly stated in literature nor known from practice. This leaves spatial planners with a large uncertainty on how to employ dialogue in daily practice. Therefore, the central question in this double degree thesis revolves around the face-to-face interaction between urban planners and citizens. It researches the gap between the ideal but rather theoretical concept of dialogue with citizens and the unruly reality of practice. It focuses on how the urban planner should manage the dilemmas of dialogue and how he/she could facilitate this interaction in an effective way, in order to let the process contribute to something constructive. Dialogical principles were taken as starting point and experts were consulted about dialogue in participation’s functioning in practice. The generic framework which results from this, is applied in the case of the redevelopment of Delft Campus station. That is done by developing a game for the interaction between citizens and planner, which served as input for the spatial design which followed. By developing and reflecting on these three different products - the general framework, the game and the spatial design - the thesis provides practitioners with an advice how to deal with the complex conversations which they have to deal with today.

"As Countless Unconspicuous Elements Build an Urban Landscape, City Memories and Personal Memories Are Spontaneously Formed and Influenced." The research investigates the potential for benches, a ubiquitous element of urban landscapes, to be reimagined as living memorials, thereby amplifying public awareness of urban identity and creating individual significance. Through immersive observation, the concept of "benchscapes" is introduced, encompassing both the perceived and conceived dimensions. The design of the conceived benchscape necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the urban public space, utilizing the proposed "Four-relation Model". The study focuses on the city of Den Helder, which faces challenges regarding the erosion of its unique identity. Drawing inspiration from Avril Maddrell's "Third Emotional Space" concept, the design framework explores three distinct scales: benchscape as a whole system, benches as key players in benchscape, and bench as a living memorial in benchscape. Furthermore, by considering movement patterns and the specific requirements of different characters, the design seeks to achieve a delicate equilibrium between the perceived and conceived benchscapes, an aspect referred to as benchscape affordance. Ultimately, the whole benchscape family design represents a deliberate response to the main research question, effectively demonstrating how memorial benchscapes can effectively frame diverse "Third Emotional Spaces" within partially defined memorial places. By harnessing the power of benchscapes, this approach enables the construction of a cohesive network of city memories while evoking or nurturing personal recollections.

In this paper, design principles for a co-housing project focused at young adults (18-27 years old) wishing to live in the Tarwewijk in Rotterdam Zuid are being proposed. These principles are based on literary research, reference projects, fieldwork and workshops held for students familiar with the design location. Topics that are touched upon are affordability, co-housing principles and the living wishes of young adults wishing to live in Rotterdam Zuid. While the target group did not perfectly fit the proposed target group, results were interpreted as if they were. The most important findings through different methods of research, among others, include that different types of housing should be realised, the building should contain several shared facilities in rooms which have a flexible floorplan, the neighbourhood should be involved in shared spaces, housing units should be designed as small and with as little walls as possible and that bathrooms and bedrooms should always be private. These results were combined into a design brief specifically created for the Tarwewijk in Rotterdam Zuid, yet the basic principles can be implemented in other affordable co-housing projects as well.

This graduation project aims at creating liveability (in terms of well-functioning control on social relationship and sustainable green in direct home environment) in Xiongan New Town to hosting residents who cannot find a suitable place in Beijing. The great majority of them are young professionals. They are facing the problem that their ideal housing type, which provides quality of affordability (affordable rental housing), assessibility (connectivity to work place through public transportation) and liveable living condition (proper privacy, neither social cage or anonymous community without green) does not exist. Thus this project is in motion to create a more friendly neighbourhood for the young professionals through designing a liveable neighbourhood in terms of control of social interaction, sustainalbe green, affordable rental housing and a seamless public transportation system. Xiongan New Town is a proper location as it provides a larger range of possibilities for this neighbourhood spatially. However, Chinese New Towns are until now built with-out a out relation to their historical and ecological context. This leads to a proposal for an new town that relates to the local ecological and urban context and with references to the history of dwelling in the area. Therefore the objective is to design a infrastructure framework for a New Town and a fully designed liveable neighbourhood as a illustrative example of alternative design approach. Therefore the strategy is composed by two parts. Firstly, based on typology analysis, scenario analysis, case study, mapping, etc., I put forward a series of approaches for Xiongan new town in multiple scales (regional, city, district, neighbourhood) to provide a framework as precondition for a liveable neighbourhood. These approaches aim to achieve a balanced harmony between landscape and city, history and future development as context for neighbourhood design. Secondly, a spatial design focus on the qualities of control on social interaction, historical continuity and sustainable green. Spatial design in neighbourhood scale includes an integral framework and smaller interventions. A blue and green network based on water and topographic condition will be introduced. Accessible network and density hypothesis will be created on top of this landscape layer. Smaller interventions will be embedded into this framework, to show the possibilities of balancing density, creating legible territory, preserving historical continuity, achieving spatial integrality. Specifically, the neighbourhood will be composed of housing types of various density (matching potential density); it will be divided into multiple legible territories of various levels of privacy; historical connection will be provided through preserving parcellation patterns and existing buildings. Houses will be constructed by the method of layer construction to leave space for future development. Green space helps to combine all spatial elements. Finally, the liveable neighbourhood will be a synthesis of all those interventions.

The construction industry has a significant environmental impact, consumes a large amount of scarce resources, generates a lot of waste, and causes a lot of emissions such as CO2 which contribute to global warming and are all reasons of great concern. A significant portion of these negative environmental impacts are caused by the building sector and attendant linear construction process. Developments with biobased materials as a circular strategy help encounter this. However, this implementation is still lacking in the building industry and the linear to a circular economy transition is still in the early stages. Moreover, real estate developers are struggling to make their business cases for circular projects financially feasible, as costs are a significant barrier. To research and understand how current circular biobased business cases are adapted and if they are future proof or use temporary measures, the following main research question is used: How are business cases adapted in order to create financially feasible and circular biobased housing developments? To answer this question, a literature study, case studies and interviews are done with the aim to gain insights into current complications and possible solutions in the business case of biobased housing developments. As well as gather perspectives from identified stakeholders & experts on these or alternative opportunities to help and speed up the transition to biobased houses. Results show that the business cases were not drastically adapted to fit the circular strategy, but temporary emergency measures were found to help realise the projects. These were: less profit for the parties involved, investors paying extra and for construction stored carbon credits, lower land price or more focus on sustainability and less on price by municipalities, subsidies, and building only partly with biobased materials and partly with e.g. concrete and bricks. It can be concluded that the traditional business case is not fitted for biobased construction as a circular economy strategy, which also contributes to why the wider necessary shift to such strategies stays out. But also that developers and other parties are willing and working on limiting the environmental impact of the building industry.

The inner city of Rotterdam is very dense and contains all kinds of activities and people. It is an area every citizen uses and whereby different purposes and behaviors occur. This makes it an area full of life, but also a fragile place looking at the future and its liveability. As a result, residents who live or work in this area spend a significant amount of time in this area and have a difficult time finding a place to retreat. This touches on the problem of noise pollution. The growing noise pollution determines the daily life of the citizens. And with it, psychological well-being is under pressure. According to Schafer (1993), there are only two ways to solve this problem: 1. a global energy crisis, which would eliminate the greatest sources of noise pollution; or 2. research into soundscape atmospheres and a focus on an auditory landscape (Schafer, R., 1993, p.181). The second choice seems to be a more optimistic one. In this handbook, I will look at the role of noise pollution in the everyday lives of urban dwellers. The main focus here is the urban landscape, psychological well-being, and the relationship to sound perception. Urban planners place too much emphasis on vision, with the other senses playing a limited or non-existent role. As a result, the city’s image is incomplete (Castro, R., & Carvalhais, M., 2014, p.61). This study aims to decrease the gap between psychology and urban planning but also to show a different ‘image’ of the world around us. And let’s hope that the composition of the sounds of the city will sound like your favorite song.

The aging population and the policy changes regarding long-term care pose a challenge for dwelling design. Our current way of building is too focused on privacy, comfort, and individualism, which exacerbates loneliness for this vulnerable target group. This graduation project therefore investigated in what way architecture can stimulate the informal encounter to increase the quality of life in housing for the elderly. Literature research and various interviews with the elderly have led to architectural elements and design conditions that can be used in the design of a residential building for the elderly target group. Subsequently, the results of the research were applied to a design location in Amsterdam Nieuw-West. The building combines social housing for the elderly with facilities for the neighborhood, to ensure more liveliness in and around the building. By mixing the elderly with other generations, both groups can benefit from each other’s help. The shared spaces are designed in a way that the residents can meet each other in a natural way. Since the apartments are intended for social rent, the housing is relatively small; 30m2, 45m2 & 60m2. The apartments are not only designed for the elderly, but also suitable for other target groups, like single households, students and starters. By small adjustments, such as sliding walls, the housing can still enable aging in place.

In the first two decades of the 21st century, urbanisation along with the virtualized social and educational methods, childhood today is increasingly becoming an indoor experience. Under urban densification, a high percentage of childhood is lacking outdoor activities, especially when nature is not accessible enough in the city. The range of the space where children are free to reach and explore the environment is decreasing with the exclusion of consideration of the need for children in urban planning and design. Growing up with little connection to nature is not only negative for mental/physical well-being, but helps create a society that forgets the biophilic needs of humans and ends up building a natureless environment and lifestyle. The research method is to review existing studies about the impact of urban densification on healthy childhood; and how the biophilic city model can contribute to enhancing childhood development. The research is aiming to conclude effective methods for planners and designers to create a city where children can develop a healthy childhood in an urban environment with abundant natural experience.

Bricolage is a way of thinking, researching and designing. From the perspective of architect, we build our realm using the existing constructing logic and limited materials, to make something new from the old, which seems to be a low-key but efficient way for renovation of Passage de Molenpoort. Date back to 1972, the popularity of the American shopping mall gave birth to de Molenpoort in Nijmegen, the first shopping mall in Europe. Because it is a product of emulation, the Molenpoort did not take root in the city, but isolated from the context and grew savagely in the city center. On the one hand, ignoring the problems and simply protect it as a heritage building make no contribution to the rebirth of “dead mall”. On the other hand, totally replace the Molenpoort with another building will also be a loss for Nijmegen. In my proposal, I step back and review the whole evolution history as well as thinking over the existing problems hiding in the Molenpoort. And then I use all the materials in hand and all the ideas in my mind, to bricolage a Commercial Fulfillment Center, which is not only a solution to reinvent the "dead passage", but also a transitional product between retail architecture and public realm aiming at returning our public life back to the urban realm.

Semarang is one of the biggest cities in Indonesia under the process of urbanisation, which threatens the underdeveloped capacity of the city. Street vendors booming is an evident phenomenon of urbanisation, it is a new way of urban living to survive in the urban capitalist growth circumstances. Being the majority of the informal sector, street vendors are highly resilient but they also bring environmental impacts to the city and other urban dwellers. The thesis is a process of design by research, research by design to explore urban landscape intervention that facilitate and manage street vendors with an incentive building approach for an inclusive future development. The thesis is under the Shared Heritage Lab which explores the shared history between The Netherlands and Indonesia in terms of cultural and architectural heritage. It is also a cross disciplinary research between heritage architecture, architectural engineering, landscape architecture and urbanism, collaborated with Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) and Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Ergoed (RCE) of the Dutch municipality.

In the last century, biodiversity has come under increasing pressure, and this is also the case in the urban context. The preservation of biodiversity is an important issue. Research shows that part of this biodiversity is largely dependent on the buildings and vegetation in the city and to help this biodiversity we need to build as nature-inclusive as possible. There is a wide range of nature-inclusive options that can be applied to make a building and its surroundings more nature-inclusive. The application of nature-inclusive aspects in the design of new buildings is easy and relatively inexpensive due to the blank canvas. However, the aspects are more difficult to integrate into existing buildings. Especially in the case of monumental buildings, where several parameters have to be taken into account. For monumental buildings, it is currently unclear whether, and if so, what needs to be taken into account to make them more nature-inclusive. The study seeks to answer the following question: ''How can Dutch monumental buildings in an urban context be redesigned to be more nature-inclusive?'' This research is validated with a design. This results in the following How can the monumental building Koudenhorn in the urban context of Haarlem be redesigned to be more nature-inclusive while retaining its heritage value? The monumental Koudenhorn building is situated in the urban context of Haarlem. It was built in 1768 as a deacon's house and is currently used by the police. It is a building with a story and many values. At present, the building and the plot show a limited degree of nature inclusiveness. The research question is answered with a toolbox and three decision trees divided into the categories: flora, water, and fauna. The decision trees provide insight into which nature-inclusive options could be applied to a case and which aspects would need to be adapted to enable implementation. To fill in the decision trees, certain case analyses were carried out. The decision trees were filled in for the monumental part of the Koudenhorn building. This showed which nature-inclusive options are applicable and on which specific elements. Eventually, 17 of these options were applied in the design. The toolbox contains a clear description of what the nature-inclusive option entails, the extra points of interest and an optional design. This toolbox was then used to integrate the application in the redesign of the Koudenhorn building.

The report will review the co-relation between rapid urbanization in Bandung with the city’s health issues in the informal areas of Bandung. Rapid urbanization is becoming a worldwide phenomena that leads to the realization of informal neighborhoods. Informal urbanization is a phenomena that will only keep on growing in the upcoming years. By 2030, it is expected that almost one in seven people will be living in an informal settlement, better known as a slum. These informal settlements are characterized by overcrowding, poor-quality housing, lack of basic infrastructure and poverty. The informal ‘Kampung’- neighborhoods in Bandung are lacking basic hygiene because of overcrowding and insuf cient infrastructure. Because of the rapid growth, the pressure of the city will heavily increase in the near future, which will worsen the unhealthy environments most of the new migrants will have to live in. After understanding the informal urbanization, the paper will focus on the current health issues, as a result of rapid urbanization, in the kampung of Tamansari. By doing this the research seeks to answer the question: How can we re-interpret the old ‘Healthy City’ identity of the 1920’s, in order to improve the public health, and therefore the livability, whilst meeting the densi cation requirements of kampung Tamansari in Bandung? This report will gradually work towards a new design proposal for a improved healthy, livable, green, sustainable, affordable and feasible development model for the slum-neighborhoods of Indonesia. The design itself has been conducted on the location of kampung Tamansari. This report will inform urban planners and other practitioners on the growing challenges and threats of the Kampung-neighborhoods, and give an alternative development model for Indonesia’s slum neighborhoods.

Redesigning from the permanent, in which the people using the building need to be more adaptable instead of designing a flexible building was the starting point for this graduation project. Therefore the following research question has been formulated: How could the space plan of a monument like the Koudenhorn be redesigned to accommodate changes in use over time? Designing a building for the future means giving a definitive form to something for an unpredictable amount of time. One could say that the task given to architects is to design buildings that are constantly subject to change. Taking this into account, adaptability is one of the keywords coming to mind when facing the unpredictable. Therefore it was the aim to conduct research into redesigning a space plan in such a way that it can accommodate changes in use over time. This project is part of the graduation studio Vacant Heritage of the Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment at the Delft University of Technology. The ongoing research and design processes of this graduation project are documented in the project journal.