Afleiding tijdens het autorijden door telefoongebruik is een significant veiligheidsrisico, zeker
bij jobs waarbij communicatie tijdens het rijden essentieel is, zoals in de logistieke sector. Veel
bedrijven proberen om het gebruik van telefoons achter het stuur volledig te verbieden. Het is echter
vaak effectiever om het telefoongebruik – en de daarmee gepaarde veiligheidsrisico’s – beter af
te stemmen op de operationele behoeften van het bedrijf. In dit artikel komen praktische tips aan
bod om afgeleid rijden tijdens het werk aan te pakken, waarbij de nadruk ligt op het verminderen
van de meest risicovolle vormen van afleiding.

Large Language Models (LLMs) are expected to significantly impact various socio-technical systems, offering transformative possibilities for improved interaction between humans and technology. However, their integration poses complex challenges due to the intricate interplay between societal structures, human behaviour, and technological innovation. This research explores these multifaceted challenges, emphasising the need for a human-centered approach in integrating LLMs to ensure that technological advancements are aligned with ethical standards and societal needs. Utilizing a structured methodology comprising a workshop, literature analysis, and expert collaborations, the study uses a multi-dimensional human-centered AI framework to guide the responsible integration of LLMs. Key insights include the importance of inclusive data, considering unintended consequences, maintaining privacy, and respecting intellectual property rights. The paper identifies and advocates for principles like human-in-the-loop, continuous longitudinal studies, proactive awareness campaigns, and regular audits to develop LLMs that are ethically sound, adaptable, and effectively integrated into various socio-technical systems, thus addressing user needs and broader societal impacts. The paper also underlines the importance of collaboration among academia, industry, and policymakers to develop LLMs that are ethically aligned, socially beneficial, and adaptable to future societal needs. The findings offer valuable insights into the strategic integration of LLMs, advocating for a broader research perspective beyond industrial motivations to fully understand and leverage LLMs in socio-technical landscapes.

Safety visualisations and their influences on safety concepts are presented. Visualisations like safety posters show a clear message of fear and guilt. This changes after World War II, due to a more tolerant atmosphere. Latent, organisational factors as decisive elements of accident processes appear in visualisations. An example shows a method to follow accident scenarios in real time.

Een internationaal en multidisciplinair consortium onder leiding van onderzoekers van de TU Delft onderzocht de mogelijkheden van ChatGPT om veiligheidsgerelateerde adviezen te geven. De resultaten van dit onderzoek zijn te lezen in het artikel “The risks of using ChatGPT to obtain common safety-related information and advice”1. In wat volgt kan je een samenvatting van dit artikel lezen.

Safety climate and safety culture are important research domains in risk and safety science, and various industry and service sectors show significant interest in, and commitment to, applying its concepts, theories, and methods to enhance organizational safety performance. Despite the large body of literature on these topics, there are disagreements about the scope and focus of these concepts, and there is a lack of systematic understanding of their development patterns and the knowledge domains on which these are built. This article presents a comparative analysis of the literature focusing on safety climate and safety culture, using various scientometric analysis approaches and tools. General development patterns are identified, including the publication trends, in terms of temporal and geographical activity, the science domains in which safety culture and safety climate research occurs, and the scientific domains and articles that have primarily influenced their respective development. It is found that the safety culture and safety climate domains show strong similarities, e.g., in dominant application domains and frequently occurring terms. However, safety culture research attracts comparatively more attention from other scientific domains, and the research domains rely on partially different knowledge bases. In particular, while measurement plays a role in both domains, the results suggest that safety climate research focuses comparatively more on the development and validation of questionnaires and surveys in particular organizational contexts, whereas safety culture research appears to relate these measurements to wider organizational features and management mechanisms. Finally, various directions for future research are identified based on the obtained results

COSI-project - Collaboration on safety in (petro)chemical clusters

Wetenschappelijk onderzoek gepubliceerd in Engelstalige peer-reviewed tijdschriften is vaak niet laagdrempelig genoeg om door te dringen tot de werkvloer. In deze rubriek wordt een recent verschenen wetenschappelijk artikel samengevat met relevante resultaten voor de preventieadviseur. Volgend artikel wordt besproken: “Interventions to prevent occupational noise‐induced hearing loss”1.

At the OCI Nitrogen ammonia plant, located at the Chemelot site in Geleen, The Netherlands, a project has been initiated to monitor major accident processes at the site. This contribution answers the question whether indicators can be derived from the barrier system status to provide information about the development and likelihood of the major accident processes in the ammonia production process. The accident processes are visualized as scenarios in bowties. This research focuses on the status of the preventive barriers on the so called ‘left-hand side’ of the bowtie, before a hazard becomes uncontrollable. Both the quality – expressed in reliability/availability and effectiveness – and the activation of the barrier system give an indication of the development of the accident scenarios and the likelihood of the central event. This likelihood is calculated as a loss of risk reduction compared to the original design. The calculation gives in an indicator called “preventive barrier indicator”, which should initiate further action. Based on an example, it is demonstrated which actions should be taken and their urgency.

An exponential amount of academic research has been dedicated to the safety culture concept, but still, no consensus has been reached on its definition and content. In general, safety culture research lacks an interdisciplinary approach. Furthermore, although the concept of safety culture is characterised by complexity and multifacetedness, the safety culture concept has been characterised by reductionism, where models and theories simplify the concept in order to better grasp it, leading to confined approaches. In this article, the multifacetedness of safety culture is acknowledged, and the topic is addressed from a safety science perspective, combining insights from multiple academic disciplines. An integrative and comprehensive conceptual framework to assess safety culture in organisations is developed, taking into account the limitations of existing models, as well as the needs of the work field. This conceptual framework is called the ‘Integrated Safety Culture Assessment’ (ISCA), where the ‘assessment’ refers to its practical usability. The practical rendition of ISCA can be used to map the safety culture of an organisation and to formulate recommendations in this regard, with the ultimate goal of bringing about a change towards a positive safety culture. The comprehensiveness of ISCA lies in the inclusion of technological factors, organisational or contextual factors and human factors interacting and interrelating with each other, and in considering both observable or objective safety-related aspects in an organisation, and non-observable or subjective safety-related aspects. When using ISCA, organisational safety culture is assessed in an integrative way by using a variety of research methods involving the entire organisation, and by taking into account the specific context of the organisation.

Major accidents in Western countries, receiving a lot of media attention in the 1970s, are starting point for research into internal and external domino effects in the chemical and petrochemical sectors and clusters. Initially, these reports are published by government institutions and government-related research centers. With the upcoming quantitative risk analyses in the 1970 and 1980s, the so-called colored books, published in the Netherlands, play a prominent role in quantifying these domino effects. Since the mid-1990s, the second European Seveso Directive encourages scientific research on domino effects, shown in substantial growth of academic publications on the topic. Research in Western countries is dominated by risk assessments, probabilities, and failure mechanisms are calculated for the complex phenomenon of domino effects and its consequences. Previous works are closely related to political, official, and private decision-making.

OCI Nitrogen wants to gain knowledge of (leading) indicators regarding the process safety performance of their ammonia production process. This paper answers the question whether indicators can be derived from the barrier system status to provide information about the development and likelihood of the major accident processes in the ammonia production process. The accident processes are visualized as scenarios in bowties. This research focuses on the status of the preventive barriers on the left-hand side of the bowtie. Both the quality – expressed in reliability/availability and effectiveness – and the activation of the barrier system give an indication of the development of the accident scenarios and the likelihood of the central event. This likelihood is calculated as a loss of risk reduction compared to the original design. The calculation results in an indicator called “preventive barrier indicator”, which should initiate further action. Based on an example, it is demonstrated which actions should be taken and what their urgency is.

Whitepaper in samenwerking met WISE, Vandeputte safety experts en Prebes.

Het grote BeNe-onderzoek naar hefbomen voor veiligheid en welzijn op de werkvloer is een studie uitgevoerd door de Universiteit Antwerpen (Leerstoel Vandeputte) en TU Delft. Het onderzoek werd uitgevoerd in samenwerking met Prebes, Vandeputte Safety Experts en INNIwise. In deze bijdrage vind je een samenvatting van de belangrijkste resultaten. De meer uitgebreide resultaten kan je terugvinden in een gratis beschikbare whitepaper. Via de QR-code hiernaast kan je de whitepaper downloaden.

OCI Nitrogen seeks to gain knowledge of (leading) indicators regarding the process safety performance of their ammonia production process. The current sub-study raises the question whether major hazard accidents in the ammonia production process can be predicted from organizational factors, also called management delivery systems. This paper links organizational factors to accident processes and their barrier systems, using the bowtie metaphor. It is shown that organizational factors indirectly impact accident processes as they strongly influence the quality or trustworthiness of the barrier systems. By putting the right focus on organizational factors during audits or reviews, major accident processes get the attention they deserve, and the necessary actions are taken at the right management level. Qualitative and quantitative monitoring of organizational factors can provide a picture of their operation and efficiency. Using an example on retrospective data it is demonstrated that information from organizational factors could have stopped the development of the near-accident prematurely. However, organizational factors should first be qualitatively assessed before they are quantitatively monitored. A quantitative assessment has been worked out for one of the management delivery systems so to provide an example of management indicators. Determining these (management) indicators from threshold values is an intricate matter due to the complicated influence of organizational factors on accident processes, and requires more follow-up research.

Wetenschappelijk onderzoek gepubliceerd in Engelstalige peer-reviewed tijdschriften is vaak niet laagdrempelig genoeg om door te dringen tot de werkvloer. In deze rubriek wordt een recent verschenen wetenschappelijk artikel samengevat met relevante resultaten voor de preventieadviseur. Volgend artikel wordt besproken: “Falls from Height in the Construction Industry: A Critical Review of the Scientific Literature”.